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Population
The # of living things that live together in a defined area
Spatial patterns
Placement or arrangement of structures on Earth; the pattern or distribution of something.
Patterns of economic activity
Clustered, peripheral, grid, linear, radial, scattered, dispersed.
What does a peripheral pattern of economic activity look like?
A circle of spaced objects
What does a radial pattern of economic activity look like?
A “sun pattern“ of objects, lines coming from a center point.
What tells a change in population?
Births, deaths, and migration.
What does NIR stand for?
Natural Increase Rate
What is the equation for NIR?
[Crude birth rate (CBR) - Crude death rate (CDR)] - 10
What does NMR stand for?
Net migration rate
What is NMR?
The total number of people entering or leaving a given country.
What does it mean to emigrate?
To exit
What does it mean to immigrate?
To enter.
What is a census?
Periodic count of people living in an area, and the demographic data.
What is demographic data?
The characteristics of a population, such as their sex, age, occupation, race, ethnicity, religion, and income.
What is the equation for PGR?
[(CBR - CDR) / 10] + NMR
What is a population pyramid?
A chart that shows sex and age distribution.
What are the three population pyramid trends?
Expansive
Constrictive
Stationary
What does an expansive pop. pyramid look like?
Mostly younger
What does a constrictive pop. pyramid look like?
Mostly older/fewer young
What does a stationary pop. pyramid look like?
All ages are about equal
What is population density?
The average # of people in a given area, expressed as number per square mi or number per square kilometer.
How many people are usually in a urban area?
1000 people/sq. mi.
How many people are usually in a rural area?
0-10 people/sq. mi.
What is race?
A category of humans based on skin color and physical characteristics.
What is ethnicity?
Shared cultural, social, and historical heritage in a group of people.
What does a light map do?
Shows Earth at night from space
Shows where people live
Shows population density
What does a population cartogram map do?
Exaggerates a physical location by scaling an economic, social, political, or environmental factor
What does a person’s quality of life consist of?
Wealth
Health
Education
What is the carrying capacity?
The maximum population size of a species the environment can sustain given the available resources.
What is sustainability?
The ability to maintain or support a process continually over time.
What is doubling time?
A statistic showing the number of years it will take for a population to double.
What does TFR stand for?
Total Fertility Rate
What is the total fertility rate?
Average amount of kids women will have in their life.
What has the TFR been doing the last 10 years?
Dropping in number.
What is a demographic transition?
A model that tracks changes in a country’s population. It tracks births, deaths, and total population.
What is the replacement fertility rate?
Average number of children a woman will have in her lifetime in a given population.
What is physiological density?
The number of people per unit of arable land.
What is arable land?
Land that can be used to grow livestock.
What is a good measure between population and agriculture?
Physiological density.
What is ecumene?
Where people live in the world.
What are examples of features of a place people would not want to live in?
Too hot/cold
Many mountains
Too dry/wet
What happens in the demographic transition’s first phase?
High Stationary - High birth and death rate, low population. Population begins to increase.
What happens in the demographic transition’s second phase?
Early Expanding - Death rate drops, population continues to grow.
What happens in the demographic transition’s third phase?
Low Expanding - Population is high, death rate is low, birth rate begins to decrease.
What happens in the demographic transition’s fourth phase?
Low Stationary - High population, low birth and death rate.
