formulae
the relationship between average speed, distance moved and time taken
average speed = distance/time
the relationship between acceleration, change in velocity and time taken
acceleration = (change in velocity) / time
the relationship between unbalanced force, mass and acceleration
unbalanced force = mass x acceleration
the relationship between weight, mass and gravitational field strength
weight = mass x g
(triple award only) the relationship between momentum, mass and velocity
momentum = mass x velocity
(triple award only) the relationship between the moment of a force and its perpendicular distance from the pivot
moment = force x perpendicular distance from pivot
the relationship between voltage, current and resistance
voltage = current × resistance
the relationship between charge, current and time
charge = current x time
the relationship between the speed, frequency and wavelength of a wave
speed = frequency x wavelength
the relationship between frequency and time period
Frequency = 1 / time period
the law of reflection
angle of incidence = angle of reflection
the relationship between refractive index, angle of incidence and angle of refraction
refractive index = sin i / sin r
the relationship between critical angle and refractive index
sin(critical angle) = 1 / refractive index
the relationship between efficiency, useful energy output and total energy output:
efficiency = useful energy output / total energy output (x100 for percent)
the relationship between work done, force and distance moved in the direction of the force
work = force x distance
the relationship between gravitational potential energy, mass, gravitational field strength and height
GPE = mass x g x height
kinetic energy
1/2 mv^2
the relationship between density, mass and volume
Density = mass/volume
the relationship between pressure, force and area
pressure = force/area
the relationship for pressure difference
density x g x height