Chapter 5: Work and Machines
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29 Terms
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Efficiency
________: a measure of how much of the work put into a machine is changed into useful output work by the machine.
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IMA
The ________ can be calculated by dividing the input distance by the output distance.
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Mechanical Advantage
________: The ratio of the output force to the input force.
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Power
________ is the rate at which work is done.
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car jack
A(n) ________ is an example of a machine that increases an applied force.
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Wedge
The ________: an inclined plane with one or two sloping sides.
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second class lever
For a(n) ________, the output force is located between the input force and the fulcrum.
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system of pulleys
A(n) ________ can change the direction of the input force and make it larger.
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class lever
For a first- ________, the fulcrum is located between the input and output forces.
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third class lever
For a(n) ________, the input force is applied between the output force and the fulcrum.
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gear
A(n) ________ is a wheel and axle with the wheel having teeth around its rim.
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Lever
________: a bar that is free to pivot or turn around a fixed point.
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input work
The ________ is the product of the input force and the distance over which the input force is exerted.
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output work
The ________ is the product of the output force and the distance over which that force is exerted.
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Oil
________ reduces the friction between two surfaces.
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Work
the transfer of energy that occurs when a force makes an object move
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Power
the amount of work done in one second
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Machine
a device that makes doing work easier
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Input Force
The force that is applied
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Output Force
The force applied by the machine
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Mechanical Advantage
The ratio of the output force to the input force
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Efficiency
a measure of how much of the work put into a machine is changed into useful output work by the machine
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Simple Machine
a machine that does work with only one movement of the machine
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Lever
a bar that is free to pivot or turn around a fixed point
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Wheel and Axle
a simple machine consisting of a shaft or axle attached to the center of a larger wheel, so that the wheel and axle rotate together
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Inclined Plane
A sloping surface, such as a ramp that reduces the amount of force required to do work,
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The Screw
an inclined plane wrapped in a spiral around a cylindrical post
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The Wedge
an inclined plane with one or two sloping sides
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Compound Machine
Two or more simple machines that operate together
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