Topic 4 – Natural Selection and Genetic Modification

Evolution

Evolution is the change in inherited characteristics over time

Natural Selection

Natural selection favours organisms best adapted to their environment

Selective Pressure

A selective pressure limits population size

Fossils

Fossils provide evidence for evolution

Extinction

Extinction occurs when a species has no living members

Selective breeding

Selective breeding is human controlled breeding

Genetic Modification

Genetic modification involves inserting a desired gene

Process of GM

GM involves cutting inserting and transferring genes

Vector

A vector carries a gene into a host cell

GM crop benefit

GM crops can increase yield and resistance

GM crop risk

GM crops may affect ecosystems

Antibiotic

An antibiotic kills or inhibits bacteria

Antibiotic Resistance

Resistance occurs due to mutations

Natural Selection bacteria

Resistant bacteria survive and reproduce

MRSA

MRSA is a multi resistant bacterial strain

Binomial system

The binomial system names organisms using genus and species

Classification system

Classification groups organisms based on features