Glands and hormone secretions

1. Pituitary

2. Thyroids

3. Parathyroids

4. Adrenal gland

5. Pancreas

Major Endocrine Glands

1. Antidiuretic Hormone

2. OxyContin

3. FSH

4. TSH

5. ACTH

6. Growth hormone

7. Prolactin

Pituitary Gland - Hormones

1. Thyroxine and triiodothyronine

2. Calcitonin

Thyroid Gland - Hormones

Parathyroid Gland - Hormones

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

1. Epinephrine

2. Norepinephrine

3. Mineralocorticoids (e.g., aldosterone)

4. Glucocorticoids (e.g., cortisol)

Adrenal Gland - Hormones

1. Insulin

2. Glucagon

Pancreas Gland - Hormones

Antidiuretic Hormone - Selected Effects (Pituitary)

Reduces urinary excretion of water

Oxytocin - Selected Effects (Pituitary)

Stimulates the contraction of the smooth muscle of the uterus and intestines

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) - Selected Effects (Pituitary)

Stimulate gonads to secrete sex hormones

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) - Selected Effects (Pituitary)

Stimulates thyroid gland to secrete thyroid hormones

Adrenocorticotropin Hormone (ACTH) - Selected Effects (Pituitary)

Stimulates adrenal glands to secrete glucocorticoids

Growth Hormone (GH) - Selected Effects (Pituitary)

Stimulates general growth and skeletal growth, and promotes metabolic functions

Prolactin - Selected Effects (Pituitary)

Initiates and maintains breast-milk secretion in females

Thyroxine and triiodothyronine - Selected Effects (Thyroid)

Increases oxygen consumption and heat production, and affects many metabolic functions

Calcitonin - Selected Effects (Thyroid)

Decreases blood calcium and phosphate levels

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) - Selected Effects (Parathyroid)

Raises plasma calcium levels and lowers plasma phosphate levels

Epinephrine - Selected Effects (Adrenal)

Affects carbohydrate metabolism, generally promoting hyperglycemia. Constricts vessels in the skin, mucous membranes, and kidneys, but dialates vessels in skeletal muscle

Norepinephrine - Selected Effects (Adrenal)

Increases heart rate and force of contraction of the myocardium, and constricts blood vessels in most areas of the body

Mineralocorticoids (e.g., aldosterone) - Selected Effects (Adrenal)

Promote reabsorption of sodium and excretion of potassium in the kidneys

Glucocorticoids (e.g., cortisol) - Selected Effects (Adrenal)

Promote protein and triglyceride breakdown

Insulin - Selected Effects (Pancreas)

Causes liver and muscle cells to take up glucose and store it in the form of glycogen; encourages fat cells to take on blood lipids and turn them into triglycerides; also has several other anabolic effects throughout the body

Glucagon - Selected Effects (Pancreas)

Causes the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose and release it into the bloodstream