Content area 3

4 roles of disc and meniscus

1. lubrication

2. shock absorption

3. distributions of loads over the joint surfaces

4. protection of the periphery of the articulation

close pocket position

area of best fit, where contact is maximal and there is the greatest stability.

loose pocket position

any movement of the joint away from close-packed, decreasing the amount of area in contact

what are risks factors too high flexibility and too low

too high - at risk for dislocations and separations

too low - at risk for tears and ruptures of muscles

what is a fissure break

an incomplete longitudinal break

what is the role of fascia

it surrounds the muscles and muscle fibers that are within the muscles to support and protect them.

characteristics of diarthrodial

1. covered with articular cartilage

2. has an articular capsule around the joint

3. the joint itself is lubricated with synovial fluid

why is one form of stretching better than another?

because it increases body temperature

joint stability and mobility relationship

the more stable a joint is the less mobile it is and vice versa

active vs passive stretching

dynamic is accomplished through muscle contraction and static is performed through and outside force such as another person or gravity

osteoporosis

joint cartilage loses its smoothness and becomes rough and irregular, the cartilage wears away eventually, leaving bones bare.

what stabilizes joint when articulating bones do not

muscles, tendons, and ligaments

active and passive flexibility

static- refers to ROM present when the body segment is passively moved

dynamic- refers to ROM achieved through active motion

rheumatoid arthritis

autoimmune disease that involves the immune system attacking healthy tissue

why is static stretching more favorable than ballistic stretching?

when static stretching occurs, GTO’s are engaged. GTO’s inhibit tension development in the muscles by responding to neural connections

as we age, flexibility decreases due to what?

inactivity and changes in activity

what is the difference between tendons and ligaments

tendons- connect muscle to bone

ligaments- connect bone to bone

what do you do when a tendon or ligament has been overstretched past its point of return?

surgery