Unit 6: Cities and Urban Land-Use Patterns and Processes (copy)

Central Place Theory

A theory that suggests all market areas are focused on a central settlement which acts as a place of exchange and service provision.

Threshold

The minimum number of people required to support a business.

Range

The maximum distance that people are willing to travel to access a service.

Agglomeration

A phenomenon where similar business activities cluster in a local area.

Resource Nodes

Towns and cities founded due to access to natural resources.

Transport Nodes

Settlements built at intersections of transportation lines.

Clustered Rural Settlements

Communities where residential and farm structures are closely arranged together.

Dispersed Rural Settlements

Households that are significantly separated from one another.

Concentric Zone Model

A model depicting American cities in concentric rings based on socio-economic status.

Sector Model

A model that demonstrates urban land use patterns as sectors radiating from the CBD.

Multiple Nuclei Model

An urban structure model that represents neighborhoods and commercial corridors.

Galactic City Model

Represents a post-industrial city with several dispersed business districts.

Latin American City Model

Illustrates urban landscapes influenced by colonial rule in Latin America.

Squatters

Individuals who settle on land they do not own, often in informal settlements.

Counterurbanization

The movement of city residents to rural areas to escape urban issues.

Gentrification

Economic reinvestment in existing urban real estate, often displacing low-income residents.

Megacity

A metropolitan area with over 10 million people.

Megalopolis

A region where multiple urban areas merge into a continuous urban landscape.

Primate City

The largest city in a country that is significantly larger than the next largest city.

De Facto Segregation

Segregation that occurs without legal requirements, often manifesting in mixed neighborhoods.

Redlining

A discriminatory practice where banks deny loans to residents in certain neighborhoods.

Edge City

A suburban center with significant commercial facilities that does not have a city government.

Urban Sustainability

The ability of urban growth and development to meet the needs of the present without compromising future generations.

Brownfield Remediation

The process of removing or sealing hazardous contaminants from former industrial sites.