Cell Membrane
Lines the outside of the cell. Controls what goes in and out of the cell. Semi - permeable.
Cytoplasm
Material where the cell contents is suspended.
Cytoskeleton
Gives the cell it’s shape, assists movement of materials.
Nucleus
Contains DNA and controls cellular functions.
Nucleolus
Ribosomes are made and is located in the center of the nucleus.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (smooth and rough)
Creates proteins and stores and transports molecules.
Golgi Body
Modifies proteins and packages them for secretion from the cell.
Vesicles
Move substances in and out of the cell.
Mitochondria
Chemical reactions occur inside to create energy for the cell (ATP).
Vacuole
Help sequester waste products.
Centrioles
Necessary for mitosis. Form spindle fibers.
Lysosomes
Destroy/absorb unwanted matter within cell.
Homeostasis
Where an organism is regulated by secreted proteins and small molecules.
Fluid Mosaic Model
Consists of phosphate heads with lipid tails and allows small molecules to pass through. Molecules inside are constantly changing position, composed of many different types of molecules.
Allows membrane to be permeable allows movement of molecules, helps in cell-to-cell recognition.
Passive processes
Don’t require energy to function (ATP).
Active processes
Require energy to function.
Diffusion
Particles moving from a high concentration to a low concentration. This movement goes along the gradient. It is a passive process and does not require energy.
Osmosis
The diffusion of a solvent through a differentially permeable membrane in order to balance the concentration of another substance. Passive process.
Facilitated Diffusion
Movement of specific molecules down a concentration gradient, passing through the membrane via a specific carrier protein.
Exocytosis
The movement of molecules too large to diffuse or transport through the membrane where a vesicle merges into the membrane and allows the molecules out into the extracellular fluid.
Endocytosis
The movement of molecules too large to diffuse or transport through the membrane where a vesicle transports to molecules into the cell membrane.
Pinocytosis is the liquids.
Phagocytosis is the solids.