Anatomy 2320 - Selected Articulations in Depth

Articular disk

the temporomandibular joint has a thick pad of fibrocartilage that separates the articulating bones called a...

Synovial diarthrotic uniaxial hinge joint

What is the classification for the TMJ when it elevates the jaw?

Synovial diarthrotic uniaxial gliding joint

What is the classification for the TMJ when it retracts the jaw?

Fibrous amphiarthrotic symphysis

Classification for articulation of vertebral bodies

Synovial diarthrotic uniaxial planar joint

Classification for articulation between adjacent articular processes of vertebrae

Ligamentum nuchae

Ligament that stabilizes skull on cervical vertebrae, extends between c7 and base of skull

Ligamentum flavum

ligament that connects the laminae of adjacent vertebrae

Synovial diarthrotic biaxial saddle joint

Classification of sternoclavicular joint

Synovial diarthrotic uniaxial planar joint

Classification for acromioclavicular joint

Acromioclavicular ligament

Name this ligament

Coracoclavicular ligament

connects the clavicle to the coracoid process

Synovial diarthrotic multiaxial ball-and-socket joint

Classification of glenohumeral joint

Glenoid labrum

encircles and covers the surface of the glenoid cavity

corocoacromial ligament

Identify the ligament

corocohumeral ligament

Identify the ligament.

Glenohumeral ligament

Identify this ligament

Synovial diarthrotic uniaxial hinge joint

Classification of humeroulnar joint

Radial (lateral) collateral ligament

stabilizes elbow joint laterally

Ulnar (medial) collateral ligament

Stabilizes elbow joint medially

Anular ligament

ligament that surrounds head of radius (arrow)

Little league elbow

Problem caused by the immediate pull back of the head of the radius as it colliding with the capitulum after throwing a ball

Synovial diarthrotic biaxial condyloid joint

Classification of radiocarpal joint

Synovial diarthrotic biaxial condyloid joint

Classification for metacarpophalangeal joints (#2-5)

Synovial diarthrotic uniaxial hinge joint

Classification for metacarpophalangeal joints (#1)

Synovial diarthrotic uniaxial hinge joint

Classification for interphalangeal joints

Synovial diarthrotic uniaxial gliding joint that is slightly moveable

Classification for sacroiliac joint

Synovial diarthrotic multiaxial ball-and-socket joint

Classification for acetabulofemoral (coxal) joint

Acetabular labrum

lip of fibrocartilage that surrounds outer margin of the acetabulum

Retinacular fibers

ligamentous fibers that provide additional stability in the hip joint capsule

Retinacular arteries

branches of femoral artery that travel through retinacular fibers

Ligamentum teres

Ligament that does not provide much support but contains the foveal artery that supplies the head of femur

Foveal artery

Artery within ligamentum teres that supplies some of the blood to the head of the femur

Tibiofemoral joint and patellofemoral joint

What two articulations make up the knee?

Patellar ligament

Ligament that extends from the patella to the tibial tuberosity

Lateral (fibular) collateral ligament (LCL)

Name this ligament, runs from femur to fibula

Lateral (fibular) collateral ligament (LCL)

What ligament prevents the knee from hyperadduction?

Varus deviation

Another term from hyperadduction

Medial (tibial) collateral ligament (MCL)

Name this ligament, runs from femur to tibia

Medial (tibial) collateral ligament (MCL)

What ligament prevents the knee from hyperabduction?

Valgus deviation

Another term for hyperabduction

Anterolateral ligament

Recent research strongly suggests there is an another stabilizing ligament on the anterior surface of the knee called the...

medial meniscus

Name this structure

lateral menisus

Name this structure

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)

Ligament that runs from the posterior side of the femur to the anterior side of the tibia

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)

Name the ligament label #1

Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)

Ligament that runs from the anteroinferior femur to the posterior side of the tibia

Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)

Name the ligament labeled #6

Anterior cruciate ligament

What ligament prevents hyperextension of the knee?

Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)

What ligament prevents hyperflexion of the knee?

The articular disk

What is most commonly displaced with TMJ disorder?

Acromioclavicular joint dislocation

What does the term shoulder seperation refer to?

Subluxation

Term for incomplete dislocation in which the contact between the joint surfaces is altered, but is still in partial contact

Head of radius is pulled out of anular ligament

What happens during subluxation of the the head of the radius?

Subluxation of head of radius

What is nursemaid's elbow?

Intertrochanteric fracture

Fracture where the fracture line runs between the greater and lesser trochanters

Extracapsular

Term for when a fracture on the neck of the femur occurs outside of the hip articular capsule

Subcapital (Intracapsular) fracture

Term for fracture of the femoral neck that occurs within the hip articular capsule

Avascular necrosis

Term for death of bone tissue due to lack of blood

Synovial diarthrotic uniaxial hinge joint

Classification of talocrural joint

Deltoid ligament

Ligament that prevents overeversion of the foot

Anterior talofibular ligmament, posterior talofibular ligament, calcaneofibular ligament

What three ligaments support the ankle on the lateral side?

anterior talofibular ligament and calcaneofibular ligament

Which ligaments are usually torn with excessive inversion of the foot?

Interosseous membrane

What is disrupted during a high ankle sprain?

Os trigonum

Between ages 7-13 the posterior talar process appears as a separate ossicle called the...

Os Trigonum syndrome

Condition where the posterior talar process, which forms as a separate bone, does not fuse with the talus

Nutcracker injury

Problem with the os trigonum getting crunched between the talus and calcaneus during plantarflexion

Synovial diarthrotic uniaxial planar joint

Classification for intertarsal joints

Synovial diarthrotic biaxial condyloid joint

Classification for metatarsophalangeal joints

Anterior drawer test

Test to check for ACL injury

Posterior drawer test

Test to check for PCL injury

Medial meniscus, medial collateral ligament, anterior cruciate ligament

Ligaments referred to as the unhappy triad

Gouty arthritis

inflammation and painful swelling of joints caused by excessive uric acid in the body

Osteoarthritis (degenerative arthritis)

Condition where a joint is affected but the articular cartilage breaks down first leading to bone rubing against bone

Rhumatoid Arthritis

Arthritis caused by autoimmune disorder, starts with synovial membrane inflammation

Anklyosis

Scar tissue forms in joints and ossifies, and bone ends fuse together