Intro to art history- sculpture in republican Rome

Trecento

14th Century

Quattrocento

15th Century

Cinquecento

16th Century

14th Italian Painting

• Decorative,Linearity- represented by the internationally popular Sienese style of Simone Martini

• Giotto+Florentine pupils stand apart for their more realistic,sculptural art

Simone Martini- Annunciation 1333 Siena Cathedral

• influenced by Giottto

• stylized but contains some realism

• Virgin Mary- civic mascot of Sienna

• Lily (white+purity)= problem for Sienese as its civic emblem of Florentines

• Tartan Clothing- based on cloth importation,commerce and civic identity

Fillipo Brunelleschi , Duomo 15thc

• symbol of artistic innovation in Florence

• healing economically from black death 1348- wiped 60% of population

• humanist thinkers begin to engage with idea of florentines classical past

• humanism stresses human potential and individuality inspire by ancient classical art- reconciles christianity with appreciation of Europes classical heritage (saw themselves as ancient romans reborn)

Orsanmichele 1337

• heart of the city

• grainstore, shrine and marketplace

• stock exchange+ grain store

• bankers are representative of the grain guild+textile guilds

• Florentine commune instructed buildings to be built - advertising themselves and own authority

Commune

• florence was ruled over by a city council

• government was drawn from representatives of mercantile/banking communites .e.g the Medici family

Lorenzo Ghiberti, St John the Baptist for clothmakers guild 1412-17

• patriot saint of Florence

• Sheoard- undercloth of unrefined sheep wool- advertising wool

• express the product of guild produces,stages of production and the wealth that florence is built on

• elegant,gothic style in drapery

Donatello, marble statue of St.Mark 1411-13

• much more sense of contraposto form

• realistic approach to drapery

• used chisel to insize the lines within the face

• greater sense of personality to the statue

• sculpts with sensitivity

Donatello, bronze David and Goliath c1440

• placed in courtyard of the Medici palace in Florence- place of politics and dealing

• Popular civic emblem of florence

• appropiating florentine independence into more stylized and sensuality

• elitist more courtly into more playful edge

• contrapposto- dainty and under life size

• in the round statue

Michelangelo, David 1501-4

• installed in the piazza, outside government

• strong, determined - before the fight

• contrapposto pose- godlike figure

• defined muscles - large in size (opposite to donatello’s david)

• face is set- eyes staring straight ahead