Chemical Bonding

Intramolecular Bond

A bond which occurs between atoms within molecules

Covalent Bond involves

A sharing of at least one pair of electrons by two atoms

Non-polar Covalent Bond

The electrons are equally shared due to a zero difference in electronegativity

Polar Covalent Bond

The electrons are unequally shared due to a difference in electronegativity

The greater the difference in electronegativity, the .......... the bond

More polar

Electronegativity

A measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons

Ionic Bond

A transfer of electrons to form cations and anions which are electrostatically attracted in an ionic crystal lattice

Know that ionic bonding is generally between

Metals (or ammonium cations) and non-metals (or polyatomic anions)

Metallic Bonding

Attraction between positive kernels and a sea of delocalised electrons

Intermolecular Force

A force of attraction between molecules or between atoms of noble gases

Know that a polar molecule (dipole) is a molecule in which

The electrons are unevenly distributed resulting in a positive and negative end

Know that van der Waals forces are

Intermolecular forces

Know that metals and graphite conduct electricity due to

The presence of delocalised valence electrons

Know that ionic compounds only conduct electricity when

Molten or in aqueous solution