semester 2 test questions

How can Andrew Johnson be compared to Abraham Lincoln?

Johnson was more stubborn and less willing to compromise than Lincoln.

The southern black codes...

allowed the arrest on vagrancy charges of former slaves who failed to sign yearly labor contracts.

Which of the following statements accurately describes the Radical Republicans?

They promoted the ideal of a strong federal government able to protect the rights of all Americans.

When Congress sent Andrew Johnson the Civil Rights Bill of 1866, he...

argued that it discriminated against whites.

Which of the following statements is true of the fourteenth amendment?

It prohibited all states from denying equal protection of the laws to any person.

What early 1868 action by Andrew Johnson sparked his impeachment by the U.S. House of Representatives?

He allegedly violated the tenure of office act.

The fifteenth amendment...

guaranteed that one could not be denied suffrage based on race.

For the 1868 Democratic presidential ticket, Horatio Seymour and Francis Blair Jr. had a campaign motto of...

"This is a White Mans Country. Let White Men Rule."

If a man from Maine came to live in the South as a teacher, what would he most likely be labeled as?

A carpetbagger.

Which statement is true about the Ku Klux Klan?

Founded in 1866 in Tennessee, the KKK was a terrorist organization that attacked black and white Republicans during reconstruction.

The second industrial revolution was marked by:

increased activity in the mining and railroad industries.

What changes did railroads bring to American society during the Gilded age?

The introduction of railroads enabled a national market for goods and led to the creation of time zones.

Which of these wealthy men was an immigrant who helped spark the second industrial revolution?

Andrew Carnegie.

How did John D. Rockefeller use horizontal integration?

He bought out or controlled competing oil refining companies.

Horizontal Integration

Type of monopoly where a company buys out all of its competition. Ex. Rockefeller

Vertical Integration

Practice where a single entity controls the entire process of a product, from the raw materials to distribution

Why is the period between 1870 and 1890 known as the "Gilded Age"?

While there was a generalized idea that America was doing well on the surface, it masked corruption, oppression, and poverty.

Part of the justification offered for the idea of the "liberty of contract" was that, as long as labor relations were based on contracts freely written by the independent individuals, the government lacked the right to interfere. Which of the following socioeconomic groups most tended to embrace this idea?

business and professional classes.

Which of the following statements describes settlement and development of the American west most accurately?

The federal government actively acquired Indian territories, distributed land to companies, and helped to open large areas to farming.

How did expanding agricultural production in places like Argentina and the American West lead to the migration of rural populations to cities?

Increasing output worldwide pushed down the prices of farm products, making it more difficult for farmers to make ends meet.

Why was the Hollywood version of the western "cowboy" based more on fantasy than reality?

Most cowboys were low-paid workers, violent and usually did not get along with other workers, preferring to work individually.

Which of the following most accurately describes the relationship between the government and the economy in the Gilded Age?

Politicians of both major parties favored business and banks and supported a reduction in the money supply and a return to the gold standard.

What was the result of the 1932 elections?

The Democrats gained control of the presidency and Congress.

During the 1932 election, FDR...

promised a "new deal".

The first thing that Roosevelt attended to as president was the \______ crisis.

banking

The national industrial recovery act...

established business codes for several industries.

What caused the Dust Bowl?

soil erosion.

The Civilian conservation corps...

gave work to unemployed young men in jobs having to do with the environment.

What statement is true of the Federal housing administration?

The FHA insured long term mortgages issued by private banks.

The Tennessee valley authority....

Competed with private companies in the business of selling electricity.

By 1935, the New Deal...

faced mounting pressures and criticism.

The agricultural adjustment act...

was intended to raise farm prices.

How did the supreme court judges react to new deal laws?

They invalidated key initiatives, as conservative judges continued to understand freedom as liberty of contract.

Which of the following best describes the works progress administration?

It put 3 million Americans to work every year until 1943.

In contrast to the American Federation of Labor, the Congress of Industrial Organizations fought for...

industrial democracy.

Which statement about the Social security act is correct?

It created a system of unemployment insurance.

Which statement about the new deal is true?

Social Security was a Second New Deal program.

The wagner act...

was considered the "labor's magna carta" because it brought democracy into the American workplace.

The social security act of 1935...

provided pensions to the aged and unemployment benefits.

Why did Roosevelt's republican challenger, Alfred Landon, fail in his bid for the presidency in 1936?

He faced a powerful new political coalition that would deliver republicans plenty of defeats for the next few decades.

The fair labor standards act instituted which of the following changes?

required overtime pay.

What ended the Great Depression?

WW2 spending.

What was one result of the good neighbor policy?

The United States supported dictators in Latin America

What was the goal of the policy of appeasement?

to avoid another conflict like World War I

Which of the following statements best describes Japan's overseas actions in the 1930s?

Japan invaded China hoping to expand militarily and economically.

The pearl harbor bombing was the first attack on U.S. territory by a foreign power since which conflict?

War of 1812.

The lend-lease act...

authorized military aid as long as countries promised somehow to return it after the war.

Which former enemy of Hitler signed a nonaggression pact with Germany?

Soviet Union.

How did the role of the national government change during the war?

It grew and created several agencies to regulate the war effort.

Which of the following is true regarding women in the workforce during WW2?

Women in 1944 made up more than one third of the civilian labor force.

In Korematsu v. United States, the supreme court...

upheld the legality of Japanese internment.

How did the promise of freedom in the postwar years differ for black and white Americans?

For white Americans, freedom was a position to be defended; for African-Americans; it was a goal to be achieved.

Rosenbergs...

Convicted of spying for USSR.

NATO...

First peacetime alliance for US.

Dixiecrats...

States' rights party.

Marshall plan...

economic aid to europe.

Jackie Robinson...

first black baseball player.

Operation dixie...

attempt to unionize the south.

Joseph McCarthy...

Senator from Wisconsin.

Fair Deal...

domestic policy of truman.

Truman doctrine...

foreign policy of truman.

Douglas MacArthur...

Commander of Korean War.

How did Los Angeles epitomize the new emphasis on the car in 1950s America?

People drove to and from work on a web of highways and shopped at malls only accessible by driving.

Between 1950 and 1973 there was a reduction in income inequality. This was in part due to the federal government's progressive income tax policy. In practice, how did this policy work?

Wealthy Americans paid higher taxes than others.

What did the "Kitchen Debate" between Richard Nixon and Nikita Khrushchev focus on?

The meaning of freedom.

Why were American suburbs of the 1950's so heavily segregated?

Residents, brokers, and realtors dealt in contracts and mortgages that effectively barred sales to nonwhite residents.

How did 1950s consumerism differ from previous eras?

Americans became comfortable living in debt while using credit to buy consumer goods.

The "Third World"...

Was an invented term for developing nations not aligned with the Soviet Union or the United States.

How did the United States violate the UN Charter in 1954?

By organizing a military attack to depose Jacob Arbenz Guzman in Guatemala.

Most likely why did the U.S. Supreme Court not order the immediate implementation of its ruling in Brown v. Board of Education in 1954?

Some justices on the court feared the outbreak of widespread violence with such a bold ruling.

The Montgomery Bus Boycott...

Was sparked when Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat to a white man.

Why did Georgia change its state flag in 1956?

it was defying the Brown v. Board court decision.

"The significance of the frontier in american history" lecture, by Frederick Jackson Turner, concluded what about the west?

The movement westward acted as a safety valve that counteracted the threat of social unrest.

Farmers believed that their plight derived from which of the following?

excessive interest rates for loans from bankers.

Why did populists call for public ownership of the railroads?

because farmers would be able to transport their crops at a lower cost.

Which was part of the populist platform?

workers' right to form unions.

Why did the populist movement energize thousands of american women?

because the populists supported women's suffrage.

William Jennings Bryan was the presidential candidate for which of the following groups?

Populists and Democrats.

Republican presidential candidate William McKinley...

won the 1896 election.

Why did the South fail to attract significant economic development in the wake of Reconstruction?

Investors looked for cheap labor and low taxes, but made few capital investments in the region.

The "Kansas Exodus" meant which of the following?

hope for blacks to escape racial violence in the South.

The court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson?

argued that segregated facilities did not discriminate.

What explains the appeal of the Lost Cause mythology for Southern whites in the late nineteenth century?

It allowed southern governments to preserve white supremacy while coping with defeat.

Newspapers like the New York Journal and the New York World used sensational accounts to sell more copies. These types of papers were known as...

the "yellow press."

After the Spanish-American War, who established the Philippines' provisional government with a constitution modeled on that of the United States?

Emilio Aguinaldo.

The Progressive era was a period of explosive growth. Which of the following fueled this process?

expansion of the consumer market.

The Progressive movement drew its strength from...

reformers and social scientists.

Life in the urban areas was characterized by...

sharp inequalities.

Where was the focus of the Progressive politics?

in the cities.

Newspaper and magazines writers who exposed the ills of industrial and urban life, fueling the Progressive movement, were known as...

muckrakers.

During the Progressive era....

the United States received a large number of immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe.

Where is Ellis Island located?

New York.

Why did the United States conduct military operations in Caribbean countries between 1901 and 1920?

to create an economic environment conductive to U.S. operations.

What country controlled Panama before the canal was built?

Colombia.

Dollar Diplomacy...

was used by William Howard Taft instead of military intervention.

Which of the following assessments of the Roosevelt Corollary is accurate?

It proposed the United States could function as an international police power within the Western Hemisphere.

Woodrow Wilson's moral imperialism in Latin America produced...

more military interventions than any president before or since.

Why were Americans divided over the outbreak of the Great War?

Irish-Americans and Russian Jews resented Allied powers Great Britain and Russia.

U.S. intervention in Mexico...

demonstrated that it would be harder than Wilson expected to intervene in the internal affairs of other countries.

Which of the following statements about World War 1 is accurate?

It produced casualties on a massive scale, due in part to new military technologies such as tanks and submarines.