Control of infectious diseases

Type of antibiotics

Bactericidal

Bacteriostatic

Broad spectrum

How does bactericidal work

kill bacteria by changing the structure on the cell wall or cell membrane

disrupt the action of enzymes which kills bacteria

Example: Penicillin, Vancomycin

How does bacteriostatic work

stop the bacteria from reproducing by disrupting protein synthesis

slowing their growth, the infection cannot continue to increase - provide time for immune system to act

Example: Erythromycin, Tetracycline

Antiviral

-drugs that target viral infections

-specific to a particular virus

How do antivirals work

target the proteins produced by the virus and inhibit it rather than destroy the virus itself

prevent the virus entering the cell or inhibits its ability to leave the cell after replicating

Type of immunity

Natural - no human intervention required

Artificial - giving somebody an antibody or antigen or trigger an immune response

Natural and artificial immunity can also be

Passive - a person is given antibodies by someone else

Active - a person manufactures their own antibodies

Four types of vaccines

-living attenuated (weakened) organisms of reduced virulence

-dead micro-organisms

-toxoids

-sub-units