The History of DNA (Chapter 6 BIOLOGY)

did gregor mendel help discover dna’s structure or that dna was hereditary material?

hereditary material

what did gregor mendel do?

experimented with pea plants to study inheritance

what did gregor mendel discover?

parents contribute to one copy of genetic info to offspring that are responsible for inherited traits. traits are inherited indapendently of others when on sepereate chromosomes.

did hammerling help discover dna’s structure or that dna was hereditary material?

hereditary material

what did hammerling do?

studdied unicelular algae (acetabulara)

what did hammerling discover

regeneration of new plant parts was driven by the nucleus. thought that hereditary information is stored in the nucleus

did friedrich miescher help discover dna’s structure or that dna was hereditary material?

structure

what did friedrich miescher do?

studdied white blood cells by extracting an acidic substance from their nucleus’

what did friedrich miescher discover??

the acidic substance was high in phosphorus - named in nuclein

did griffith help discover dna’s structure or that dna was hereditary material?

herditary material

what did griffith do?

studied pnemonia by injected different strains into mice

what did griffith discover?

the transforming principle - information could be passed on to impact another individual

did avery, mcleod and mccarty help discover dna’s structure or that dna was hereditary material?

hereditary material

what did avery, mcleod and mccarty do?

mixed heat killed s strain cells with dna, rna and protiens and added enzymes to remove each one specifically.

what did avery, mcleod and mccarty discover?

determined that dna was responsible for passing down characteristics

what did levene discover

dna is composed of a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrgogenous base

did levene help discover dna’s structure or that dna was hereditary material?

structure

did hershey and chase help discover dna’s structure or that dna was hereditary material?

hereditary material

what did hershey and chase do?

used bacteriophage virus to determine if the genetic morerial was DNA or protein. Some of the phages were labelled with phosphorus and Some with sulfur. These phages infected the bactend and tested it.

what did hershey and chase discover?

the radiolabelled phosphorus was found inside the host cell and it was not the protein that entered, they determined that it was the (P containing) DNA that comained the instructions for new viruses.

what did chargaff do?

took dna and broke it into nucleotide sub units (a,t,g,c) and measured each

what did chargaff discover?

amounts of adenine was same as amount of thymine. guanine and cytosine had the same amounts

did chargaff help discover dna’s structure or that dna was hereditary material?

structure

what did franklin and wilkins do?

used xray crystallography to deflect xrays off dna onto a photographic plate. the pattern on the plate was analyzed to help determine dna’s structure. wilkins produced an unlear image, franklin produced a better one

what did franklin and wilkins discover?

dna has an alternating sugar phosphate backbone facing inwards, and a double helix rotating inwards. a dna molecule as a width of 2nm and each turn was 3.4nm

did franklin and wilkins help discover dna’s structure or that dna was hereditary material?

structure

what did watson and crick discover?

dna is 2 hellical strands coiled around the same axis antiparallel. sugar phosphate backbone is on outside of helix. purine and pyramadine bases are held by hydrogen bons between strands