Schemes and tropes

Scheme

Syntax

Trope

Use of a word in not intended speech

Parallelism

Similar structure (general)

Antithesis

Parallel in a contrasting way

Climax

Words in increasing importance

Inversion

Word order rearranged for emphasis (general)

Parentheses

Insertion of words to interrupt syntactical flow. Adds author's emotion

Apposition

Nonessential clause

Asyndeton

Omission of conjunctions

Polysyndeton

Use of many conjunctions

Anaphora

Repetition at the beginning of each sentence

Epistrophe

Repetition at the end of a sentence

Epanalepsis

Repetition at beg. And end

Anadiplosis

Last word used in new sentence at the beginning

Chiasmus

Grammatical structures repeated in inverted order

Antimetabole

Chasms but exact words

Zengma

Literal and figurative

Apostrophe

Addressing a person not there

Paradox

Contradictory statement to reveal the truth