CJ 422 Crisis Managemet Test 2

Negotiations Def.

The use of verbal communication to deescalate or stabilize a crisis situation

Non-Hostage vs Hostage

Non-Hostage situations involve emotional reasons, non substantive demands, and a victim. Hostage situations are goal-oriented, purposeful, and demands are reasonable

Negotiator Team Structure

On-Scene Commander, Negotiators, Tactical team, Intelligence Officer, Mental Health Consultant

Role of Negotiator

Manages team operations and principle advisor at the scene

The 4 Stages of CM

Precrisis, Crisis, Negotiations, Resolution

Types of Hostage Takers

Professional Criminals, Inadequate Personalities, Loose Groups, Structured Groups

Choices for a Hostage Taker

Martyrdom, Lesser Demands, Surrender

What does REACCT stand for?

Recognition, Engagement, Assessment, Contracting, Control, Terminate

Technical Eclecticism

Empathy, Expectations, Frames, Stages of Change, Ambivalence, Resistance

What does SAFE stand for?

Substantive Demands, Attunement, Face, Emotional Distress

What is Psychological Resistance?

Defending one’s position in response to confrontation

What are the types of Psychological Resistance?

Arguing, Negating, Interrupting, Ignoring

What are the three factors of initial risk?

Context, Containment, Communication

What makes an incident negotiatble?

HT must want to live, Demands must be forthcoming, Must have time to negotiate

What are the types of demands?

Instrumental, Expressive, Substantive and Non Substantive

What are the types of sieges?

Deliberate, Spontaneous, Anticipated

Situational factors….

occur from the environment and others around you

Dispositional factors….

are personality traits, temperament, and genetics

Dynamic vs Static Factors

Dynamic deals with substance abuse, depression, and hallucinations while Static deals with age, sex, and criminal history

Use of Intelligence Def.

Collection of info. that is refined and verified to give an understanding

What does VRAG stand for?

Violence Risk Appraisal Guide

Imminent Risk Def.

Face saving important defusing the incident techniques to create a resolution

What are the 3 main uses of intelligence?

Understanding motive, Predict the risk to others, Predict HT’s risk to himself

Downs vs US

The government was held liable for negligence in a hostage situation which forced them to reassess their protocols for handling hijackings and hostage crisis.