AP Review #3 — Cybersecurity

Big Data

Large data sets that are infeasible or impossible to traditionally process.

Machine Learning

Used to find correlations in big data.

Anonymize the data

The process of removing personally identifiable information from data sets.

Obfuscating Data

The practice of making data unclear or unintelligible.

Hashing Passwords

Transforming a password into a fixed-size string of characters, which is typically a digest that represents the data.

Malware

Any kind of malicious software.

Virus

A type of malware that copies itself to other computers.

Phishing Attack

Sending a message while impersonating a legitimate website.

DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service)

Multiple computers target a server with a flood of HTTP requests, overwhelming it, all controlled by a botnet.

DNS

Domain Name System; translates domain names to IP addresses.

Symmetric Cryptography

Encryption that is fast but requires a shared secret.

Asymmetric Cryptography

Encryption that does not need a shared secret, but is slower.

Certificate Authority

An entity that issues digital certificates for use in asymmetric cryptography.

TLS handshake protocol

A process that establishes a secure connection between a client and a server.