AP Euro Chapter 18

Nuclear Family

A family structure consisting of parents and their children, rather than extended family members.

Servant Girls

Young women employed in households to assist with domestic duties.

Community's Effort

The collective work of a community to support each other, often in religious or social matters.

Migration to the Cities Increased

People moving from rural areas to urban centers for better work and living opportunities.

Illegitimate Births

Births of children whose parents were not married.

Wet Nurse

A woman who breastfeeds and cares for another woman’s baby.

Infanticide

The act of killing an infant, often due to social or economic reasons.

High Mortality Rates

A high number of deaths, especially among infants or due to diseases.

Schools

Institutions where children are educated.

Common People

The ordinary working class, not part of the nobility or elite.

Literacy

The ability to read and write, which was increasing in this period.

Drinking

Alcohol consumption, a common social activity.

Blood Sports

Sports involving the killing or harming of animals, such as bullfighting or cockfighting.

Food Consumption Patterns Changed

Shifts in what and how people ate, reflecting economic and social changes.

Consumer Goods

Goods produced for consumption by the general public, such as clothes, food, and household items.

Pietism

A movement within Protestantism that emphasized emotional religious experiences and personal piety.

John Wesley

A leader of the Methodist movement, advocating for a return to emotional and methodical devotion in Christianity.

Bloodletting

A medical practice where blood was drawn from the body to treat illness, based on outdated beliefs.

Madame du Coudray

A French midwife who taught improved childbirth techniques and wrote a manual for midwives.

Edward Jenner

A scientist who developed the first smallpox vaccine, leading to the disease’s eventual eradication.

Smallpox

A deadly and contagious disease, which was largely eradicated by the 19th century due to vaccination.