Chapter 3_Chemical Composition of Matter_G2G3

Chemical Composition

The arrangement and types of atoms in a substance that determine its properties and behavior.

Elements

The simplest form of matter that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions.

Compounds

Substances formed when two or more different elements are chemically joined together in a fixed ratio.

Mixtures

Combinations of two or more substances that are not chemically combined and retain their individual properties.

Periodic Table

A systematic arrangement of elements based on their atomic number and properties, organized into groups and periods.

Solute

The substance that is dissolved in a solution.

Solvent

The substance that dissolves the solute to form a solution.

Solution

A homogeneous mixture formed when a solute is dissolved in a solvent.

Suspension

A heterogeneous mixture where particles are not evenly distributed and may settle over time.

Solubility

The ability of a solute to dissolve in a solvent, often affected by temperature and the nature of the solute and solvent.

Factors Affecting Solubility

Includes the type of solute, type of solvent, and temperature.

Rate of Dissolving

Influenced by surface area of the solute, temperature of the solution, and stirring.

Metals

Elements that are typically shiny, good conductors of heat and electricity, and have high melting points.

Non-metals

Elements that are generally dull, poor conductors, and have lower melting points compared to metals.

Saturated Solution

A solution in which no more solute can dissolve at a given temperature.

Recycling

The process of converting waste materials into reusable materials, which can help in the conservation of resources.

Properties of Compounds

Different from the elements they are made of, and can only be broken down by chemical methods.