Chapter 6 - Civil war

White Generals

• Yudenich

• Kornilov —> Denikin

• Kolchak (siberia)

Whites had to communicate through ____ messages, as telephone links were controlled by the Reds.

horseback

______ helped landowners to recover their estates, a highly unpopular move.

Denikin

The majority of the white army (_ million men) were conscripted _____, whereas the Reds were highly motivated, with ______ obedient party members

• 1

• peasants

• 500,000

at the start of the war, the Bolsheviks only controlled __% of Russia

20

The _____ ethnically cleansed non-cossack populations of Ukraine, with the white army frequently engaging in _____ against Jews.

• cossacks

• pogroms

Who fought for whites, germans and then reds, at the end of war?

Nestor Makhno

Makhno pushed ___ into a retreat, and was evacuated by the British in ___ ____ from Crimea.

• Wrangel

• Nov 1920

How many million died fighting in the civil war?

5 million

Total deaths from the civil war

10 million

How many starved to death during the civil war?

3 million

How many died from disease during the civil war, due to conscripted doctors and shortages of medicine?

2 million

How many tsarist officers did Trotsky recruit to lead red army, keeping their families as hostage?

50,000

6 of the White Army’s allies

• UK

• France

• US

• Japan

• Italy

• Czechoslovakia

When did the foreign allies start withdraw almost all of their troops and support from the Whites (triggered by the Treaty of Versailles)

1919

The allied coalition was divided, with ____ trying to gain territory for itself in the east, and expand its empire, rather than trying to defeat the bolsheviks.

Japan

How many troops did the Uk send, and How many did Japan send?

• 50,000

• 70,000

Compared to the _ million strong Red Army, the Americans only contributed ______ troops

• 3

• 17,000

In ___, the white army soldiers sold uniforms and munitions that were given by foreign allies for drugs and prostitutes.

Omsk

In __ ____, Denikin was ___ miles from Moscow (driven back by Trotsky), whereas ____ threatened the outskirts of ____, showing the lack of coordination of the whites.

• Oct 1919

• 200

• Yudenich

• Petrograd

When was the Execution of Tsar?

July 1918

• Phase 1 of the civil war (____-__)

• Phase 2 of the civil war (____- __)

• 1918 - 20

• 1920 - 21

When was the Soviet Union officially recognised by the UK?

1922

how many miles did Trotsky travel on his special train?

65,000

The ____ was used behind the lines to enforce the death penalty for deserters.

Cheka

In ____ ____, what Treaty confirmed the independence of Poland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania?

• March 1921

• Treaty of Riga

• Size of red army

• Size of white army

• 3 million

• 1 million

How many times did Kyiv change hands?

16