Chemistry Polyatomic Anions/Cations

Need to know by heart for Chemistry

Ammonium

NH₄⁺

Hydronium

H₃O⁺

Mercury(I)

Hg₂²⁺

Hydroxide

OH^-

Cyanide

CN^-

Peroxide

O_2^2-

Azide

N₃^-

Acetate

C₂H₃O₂^-

Chlorate

ClO₃^-

Permanganate

MnO₄^-

Carbonate

Co₃^2-

Sulfate

SO₄^2-

Chromate

CrO_4^2-

Dichromate

Cr₂O₇^2-

Thiosulfate

S₂O₃^2-

Phosphate

PO₄^3-

Nitrite

NO₂^-

Sulfite

SO₃^2-

Iodate

IO₃^-

Bromate

BrO₃^-

Bisulfate

HSO₄^- (Adding H⁺ to a highly charged anion)

Dihydrogen Phosphate

H₂PO₄^-

Hydrogen Phospate

HPO₄^2-

Bicarbonate

HCO₃^-

Acids ending in -ic

ic = ate Sulfate, Carbonate

Acids ending in -ous

ous = ite Sulfite, Bromite

Acids ending in Hyrdo - ic

Hydro-ic = ide Bromide, Chloride

Combustion Reaction

Combusting Hyrdocarbon with Hydrogen gas to create Carbon Dioxide and Water

C_xH_yO_z+O₂= CO₂+H₂O

Avogadro’s #

6.022×10₂₃

Percent Yield

Percent Yield = Actual Yield/Theoretical Yield

Percent Composition Compounds

Part/Whole X 100

Molecular Formula

Chemical Formula; # of elements in a molecule, exact # of each atom

Empirical Formula

Lowest whole # ratio of elements