state
a place that exerts/possesses sovereignty over an area, has a defined territory with borders, a permanent population, and a government
ex; United States
nation
a group of people who share a common language, history, and culture
ex; Native American Nations
nation-state
a state made up of a single, unified nation
ex; Japan
stateless nation
a group of people who share common cultural values and history but lack a formal state
ex; Kurds
multistate nation
a single nation living in more than one state
ex; Kurds or Yoruba people
multinational state
state that contains multiple cultures and ethnicities within its boundaries
ex; United States
autonomous regions
regions within a state that have a great deal of authority to operate independently of their national government
ex; Hong Kong
semi-autonomous regions
regions within a state that have more limited authority granted by the national government
ex; Scotland Wales