5-Factor Model and Personality Traits

These flashcards cover key concepts from the 5-Factor Model of personality, including definitions of each factor and associated issues.

5-Factor Model

A psychological model that describes personality through five broad dimensions: Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism.

CANOE

An acronym representing the five factors of the 5-Factor Model: Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, Openness to Experience, Extraversion.

Extraversion

A personality trait characterized by sociability, talkativeness, assertiveness, and high levels of emotional expressiveness.

Agreeableness

A personality trait that reflects individual differences in general concern for social harmony, characterized by trust, altruism, kindness, and affection.

Conscientiousness

A personality trait marked by organization, dependability, and a tendency to plan rather than act spontaneously.

Neuroticism

A personality trait associated with emotional instability, anxiety, moodiness, and the tendency to experience negative emotions.

Openness to Experience

A personality trait involving imagination, curiosity, and a willingness to engage in novel experiences.

Dictionary & Testing

Methods employed to define and measure personality traits through established criteria and standardized assessments.

Problems of the Model

Concerns relating to the number of factors, prediction accuracy, descriptive capabilities, theoretical limitations, and contextual influences.

Contextualism

The idea that behavior should be understood in the context of the surrounding environment and the specific situations individuals face.

5-Factor Model

A psychological model that describes personality through five broad dimensions: Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism.

Who are the prominent researchers largely associated with the development of the 5-Factor Model?

Paul Costa Jr. and Robert McCrae are widely recognized for their work on the 5-Factor Model.

What is another common name for the 5-Factor Model?

It is also widely known as the 'Big Five' personality traits.

Why is the 5-Factor Model considered a robust model in personality psychology?

It has been consistently replicated across different cultures and languages, showing strong empirical support for its structure.

CANOE

An acronym representing the five factors of the 5-Factor Model: Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, Openness to Experience, Extraversion.

In the CANOE acronym, what does 'C' stand for?

Conscientiousness.

In the CANOE acronym, what does 'A' stand for?

Agreeableness.

In the CANOE acronym, what does 'N' stand for?

Neuroticism.

In the CANOE acronym, what does 'O' stand for?

Openness to Experience.

In the CANOE acronym, what does 'E' stand for?

Extraversion.

Extraversion

A personality trait characterized by sociability, talkativeness, assertiveness, and high levels of emotional expressiveness.

What is a characteristic behavior of someone high in Extraversion?

Seeking out social interaction and feeling energized by being around others.

What might a person low in Extraversion be described as?

Introverted, preferring solitude, and feeling drained by excessive social interaction.

Agreeableness

A personality trait that reflects individual differences in general concern for social harmony, characterized by trust, altruism, kindness, and affection.

Individuals high in Agreeableness typically show what kind of interpersonal behavior?

They are often cooperative, compassionate, and prioritize others' needs.

What characteristic might describe someone scoring low on Agreeableness?

They might be described as competitive, skeptical, or less concerned with others' feelings.

Conscientiousness

A personality trait marked by organization, dependability, and a tendency to plan rather than act spontaneously.

What behavior best exemplifies a highly conscientious individual?

They are typically self-disciplined, goal-oriented, and meticulous in their tasks.

What might a person who is low in Conscientiousness struggle with?

They might struggle with organization, meeting deadlines, or impulse control.

Neuroticism

A personality trait associated with emotional instability, anxiety, moodiness, and the tendency to experience negative emotions.

What kind of emotional experiences are common for individuals high in Neuroticism?

They often experience feelings of anxiety, sadness, anger, and embarrassment more intensely and frequently.

How would someone low in Neuroticism typically react to stress?

They would tend to be calm, stable, and less prone to emotional outbursts under pressure.

Openness to Experience

A personality trait involving imagination, curiosity, and a willingness to engage in novel experiences.

What kind of activities might appeal to someone high in Openness to Experience?

They often enjoy art, intellectual discussions, travel, and trying new things.

What characteristic might describe someone low in Openness to Experience?

They might prefer routine, be more conventional, and less interested in abstract or new ideas.

Dictionary & Testing

Methods employed to define and measure personality traits through established criteria and standardized assessments.

What is the 'lexical hypothesis' in personality research?

The idea that important personality characteristics are encoded in natural language, leading researchers to examine dictionaries for personality adjectives.

Problems of the Model

Concerns relating to the number of factors, prediction accuracy, descriptive capabilities, theoretical limitations, and contextual influences.

One criticism of the 5-Factor Model involves its ability to fully capture individual uniqueness. This falls under which problem category?

Descriptive capabilities.

Contextualism

The idea that behavior should be understood in the context of the surrounding environment and the specific situations individuals face.