Jeffersonian Revolution

Vocabulary flashcards based on lecture notes about the Jeffersonian Revolution and the War of 1812.

Election of 1800

Marked by increased Democratic-Republican voter mobilization and a near doubling of voter turnout from the early 1790s.

12th Amendment

Resulted from the tied election of 1800, mandating separate ballots for President and Vice President.

Implied Powers

A precedent established by the Federalists which allowed for powers not explicitly stated in the Constitution.

Independent Farmers

Thomas Jefferson believed that society should be made up of these workers.

Republican Reforms

Included reducing the national debt, eliminating internal taxes, and cutting the military budget under Jefferson.

Judiciary Act (1801)

Created 6 new circuit courts and 16 new judges, all appointed by Federalists.

Midnight Appointments

Federalist judges appointed by John Adams before leaving office, in an attempt to retain power.

John Marshall

Chief Justice during Jefferson's presidency and key figure in Marbury v. Madison.

Marbury v. Madison

Established the principle of judicial review.

Barbary Pirates

North Africans who seized ships and crews for ransom, prompting Jefferson to send a naval squadron.

USS Philadelphia

Burned after running aground during the conflict with the Barbary Pirates.

Louisiana Purchase

Acquisition of a vast territory from France, creating a constitutional dilemma for Jefferson.

Essex Junto

Federalist radicals who opposed the Louisiana Purchase and plotted to remove New England from the Union.

Aaron Burr

Vice President who killed Hamilton in a duel and was involved in a land grab attempt.

Corps of Discovery

Led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark to map the Louisiana Purchase and the Pacific Northwest.

Oregon Territory

The claim the US gained to the area, partly due to the Lewis and Clark expedition.

Zebulon Pike

Explorer who mapped the upper Mississippi and the Rockies.

Burr Conspiracy

Burr's attempt at a land grab in 1805 and 1806.

James Wilkinson

Governor of Louisiana who betrayed Burr and worked for Spain.

Berlin Decree

France's ban of trade with Great Britain in 1806.

Orders in Council

British blockade of continental ports and ban on foreign ships.

Milan Decree

French policy stating any vessel submitting to British rules was subject to seizure.

Impressment

British practice of forcing men into naval service, a major source of tension with the U.S.

Chesapeake Incident

British ship Leopard fires on an American ship, escalating tensions and leading to Jefferson's ban of British ships from US ports.

Embargo of 1807

Jefferson's policy of 'peaceable coercion' that shut down international trade.

Nonintercourse Act

Replaced the Embargo, allowing trade with all nations except Britain and France.

Macon’s Bill No. 2

Opened trade with everyone, but stated if one nation drops its trade restrictions, the U.S. will stop trade with their enemy.

Agricultural Depression

Farm prices fell with the Embargo and stayed low, which many Americans blamed on the British.

Treaty of Vincennes (1804)

Treaty between the US government and Native Americans to claim most of Indiana.

Tecumseh

Shawnee leader who tried to unite Native American resistance to U.S. expansion.

Tenskwatawa

Also known as 'The Prophet,' Shawnee leader who worked with Tecumseh.

Prophet’s Town

Established in 1808 as a center for Native American resistance.

Battle of Tippecanoe

Harrison destroyed Prophetstown, causing Tecumseh to ally with the British.

War Hawks

Led by Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun, pushed for war with Britain.

John C. Calhoun

A leader of the War Hawks, who pushed for war with Britian.

Henry Clay

A leader of the War Hawks, who pushed for war with Britian.

Federalists

Political party that opposed the War of 1812 and basically everything Jefferson was doing.

Turnout

Nearly doubled from early 1790's due to Democratic-Republicans mobilize voters.

National Bank

One exception of Jefferson's Republican Reform after rooting out Federalist, of power and corruption.

Albert Gallatin

Worked for Jefferson to help with the exception of the National Bank.

Peaceable coercion

Jefferson tried trade Embargo of 1807 because of this.

Election of 1808

Charles Pinckney vs Madison for presidency.

William Henry Harrison

US Government used this person, Native Americans against each other.

Treaty of Greenville

US Government violates this with Native Americans.

Expansion Pressure

Conflict with Native Americans.

Canada

Impatience with diplomatic and economic solutions.

U.S. Adventurers

Seize spanish west florida annexed as part of Louisiana.

Gibbons v. Ogden

Important Supreme Court case during Jefferson's presidency.

McCulloch v. Maryland

Important Supreme Court case during Jefferson's presidency.

Dartmouth v. Woodward

Important Supreme Court case during Jefferson's presidency.