Qualitative Analysis Flashcards

Flashcards for qualitative analysis tests of anions, cations, and gases.

Carbonate Test

A test for carbonate (CO3^2-) involves adding dilute acid, which produces effervescence and carbon dioxide.

Chloride Test

A test for chloride (Cl-) involves acidifying with dilute nitric acid and adding aqueous silver nitrate, resulting in a white precipitate.

Iodide Test

A test for iodide (I-) involves acidifying with dilute nitric acid and adding aqueous silver nitrate, resulting in a yellow precipitate.

Nitrate Test

A test for nitrate (NO3-) involves adding aqueous sodium hydroxide, then adding aluminum foil and warming carefully, producing ammonia.

Sulfate Test

A test for sulfate (SO4^2-) involves acidifying with dilute nitric acid and adding aqueous barium nitrate, resulting in a white precipitate.

Aluminium (Al3+) with NaOH

Adding aqueous sodium hydroxide to aluminium (Al3+) results in a white precipitate, soluble in excess, giving a colorless solution.

Ammonium (NH4+) Test

Warming ammonium (NH4+) produces ammonia.

Calcium (Ca2+) with NaOH

Adding aqueous sodium hydroxide to calcium (Ca2+) results in a white precipitate, insoluble in excess.

Chromium(III) (Cr3+) with NaOH

Adding aqueous sodium hydroxide to chromium(III) (Cr3+) results in a green precipitate, soluble in excess, giving a green solution.

Copper(II) (Cu2+) with NaOH

Adding aqueous sodium hydroxide to copper(II) (Cu2+) results in a light blue precipitate, insoluble in excess.

Copper(II) (Cu2+) with Ammonia

Adding aqueous ammonia to copper(II) (Cu2+) results in a light blue precipitate, soluble in excess giving a dark blue solution.

Iron(II) (Fe2+) with NaOH

Adding aqueous sodium hydroxide to iron(II) (Fe2+) results in a green precipitate, insoluble in excess.

Iron(III) (Fe3+) with NaOH

Adding aqueous sodium hydroxide to iron(III) (Fe3+) results in a red-brown precipitate, insoluble in excess.

Zinc (Zn2+) with NaOH

Adding aqueous sodium hydroxide to zinc (Zn2+) results in a white precipitate, soluble in excess, giving a colorless solution.

Ammonia Gas Test

Ammonia gas turns damp red litmus paper blue.

Carbon Dioxide Gas Test

Carbon dioxide gas turns limewater milky.

Chlorine Gas Test

Chlorine gas bleaches damp litmus paper.

Hydrogen Gas Test

Hydrogen gas 'pops' with a lighted splint.

Oxygen Gas Test

Oxygen gas relights a glowing splint.