[PI 100] Rizal's Trip to America, Rizal and Science, The Gates to Heroism

Diana A. Galang, September 05 - 2012

Who wrote the The Gates to Heroism: Defining A Filipino Hero and when?

1. a prominent or central personage taking an admirable part in any remarkable action or event
2. a person of distinguished valor or enterprise in danger, or fortitude in suffering
3. a man honored after death by public worship because of exceptional service to mankind

What does it mean to be a hero according to Esteban De Ocampo?

1900

When did the concept of heroes came to the Philippines?

March 28, 1993 through EO 75

When was the National Heroes Commission established?

extent of a person’s sacrifices for the welfare of the country

1st Standard of NHC

the motive and methods employed in the attainment of the ideal

2nd Standard of NHC:

was his ideal purely for the welfare of the country and without any taint of self-interested motives, most of all the method of attainment should be morally valid

the moral character of the person concerned

3rd Standard of NHC:

the person should not have any immorality issue that affected his ideal

the influence of the person concerned on his age and or the succeeding age

4th Standard of NHC

heroes are those who have a concept of nation and thereafter aspire and struggle for the nation’s freedom

5th Standard of NHC:

they must have desired the country’s freedom in any situation especially when there’s a threat of invasion in any form

heroes are those who define and contribute to a system of life of freedom and order for a nation

6th Standard of NHC:

one who helps in the orderliness and betterment of the country

heroes are those who contribute to the quality of life and destiny of a nation

7th Standard of NHC

a hero is part of the people’s expression

8th Standard of NHC:

the citizen must have recognized and acknowledged the person as a hero

a hero thinks of the future, especially the future generations

9th Standard of NHC:

his concern for the future generations must be seen in his decisions and ideals

the choice of a hero involves not only the recounting of an episode or events in history, but of the entire process that made this particular person a hero

10th Standard of NHC

Triumph of Science over Death

A statuette of Rizal depicting a naked woman standing on a skull, holding a lighted statue aloft

Triumph of Death over Life

A statuette of Rizal depicting Death as a skeleton hidden under a cloak and hood. This Death clutches a lifeless form of a naked woman.

Scientia

The label of the woman standing on the skull holding a lighted torch

Knowledge

For Rizal, scientia does not only mean science, but also _______

25 volumes

How many volumes is the Escritos de Rizal published by the Jose Rizal National Centennial Commission in 1961 comprised of

Ambeth Ocampo, Meaning and History: The Rizal Lectures, 1996

Rizal and Science is a seminar conducted by ______ for the seminar series ____ in the year _____

Sentro Oftalmologico Jose Rizal

The ophthalmology building in PGH named after Rizal

Latin, Spanish, Greek

The three compulsory languages during Rizal’s time in Ateneo

Latin

In Rizakl’s time, masses were held in this language

1. Facsimiles de los Escritos de Rizal
2. Escritos Varios

The two volumes which Ambeth Ocampo found interesting in the Escritos de Rizal

Facsimiles de los Escritos de Rizal

A compilation of Rizal manuscripts ranging from his student notebooks as an adolescent to the mature writer and patriot we know of him today

Escritos Varios

An assortment of Rizal’s writings in different academic disciplines where most of his scientific papers are found

Humanities

Rizal excelled in what field of study

AY 1876-1877, sobresaliente (excellent)

When did Rizal graduate from Ateneo and what grade did he receive

1881-1882

What year did Rizal become the Secretary of the Academy of Philosophical and Natural Science

Rector of the Ateneo, Fr. Pablo Ramon, SJ

Who founded the Academy of Philosophical and Natural Science?

Anacleto del Rosario

An eminent scientist during Rizal’s time

Three countries that claimed the birth of the bicycle

The only scientific discussion during Rizal’s stint in the Academy of Philosophical and Natural Science

1. Articles on Orthography of Tagalog
2. Specimens of Tagalog Folklore
3. Arte Metrica
4. A Spanish-English Dictionary not even reaching Letter “B” of the alphabet

Four writings of Rizal on Linguistics discussed by Andrew Gonzales, who was the then President of the Department of Education, Culture, and Sports

Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas by Antonio de Morga

There is a writing of Rizal on history containing sarcastic nationalists annotations to the ______

1. A Study on Town Schools in the Philippines
2. Prospectus of a Colegio Moderno or Modern College he had hoped to establish

Two notes on Education that Rizal made

1. Treatment of the Bewitched
2. Article on Sakhit Latar or Mali-Mali

Notes on Mangkukulam by Rizal discussed by Dr. Luciano Santiago in the context of the development of Psychiatry in the Philippines

Treatment of the Bewitched

Rizal’s analysis on psychologically-induced illness

Mindanao, in the town plaze of Dapitan

Which place did Rizal make a map of when he was interested in Cartography?

1. He studies races
2. He kept a collection of craniums
3. He performed some archeological digging

Why was Rizal considered one of the pioneer anthropologists

Teeth of Lightning

In Dapitan, Rizal collected shards of Chinese porcelain the townspeople were calling _____

Pre-historic or pre-Hispanic stones or flake tools

Rizal surmised that the polished black stones he collected were ______

1. List of Shells collected by Rizal
2. Notes on Snakes in the Philippines
3. Specimens collected, preserved, and sent to Germany

Notes on Fauna biology that Rizal had

Mr. Schadenberg (cofounder of Botica Boie), who sent him jars and alcohol for preserving the specimens he collected

Who was Rizal a faithful customer of in Germany and what store did the owner found?

Draco rizali

Winged lizard named after Rizal

Racophorous rizali, Plypedates paradalis

Frog named after Rizal, better known scientifically as ____

Apogonia rizali Heller

A bud or beetle named after Rizal and the taxonomic specialist who named the species after Rizal

Butterfloes

Rizal also collected ____ but made a mess of these specimens that he was sent needles, proper equipment, and instructions on the best way to collect them

Fish

Rizal also taught the people of Dapitan how to catch ___ and left the Philippines with sketches of different species of these

Dr. Domingo Madulid

National Museum worker who was a Zoologist whom Ambeth Ocampo and Fr. Gonzales contacted for a speaker on Rizal as a Naturalist

The naturalist is one, be he scientist or layman, who professes lover or interest in nature

Naturalist was defined by Ocampo as

1. Clinical Notes
2. Notes on Surgical Clinics
3. Medical Clinic Notes

There are plans by the UPCM to go over Rizals’s:

Dr. Perla Santos-Ocampo

Speaker who went over Rizal’s medical notes in the seminar

prescribe medicine by correspondence

At times, even without seeing the patient, Rizal would venture to ___

1. Sordid Venereal Diseases
2. Amputation of a diseases penis
3. Notes on a 19-year-old male patient afflicted with malignant sarcomatous polyps

Some notes of Rizal on diseases

Poorly developed, lymphatic, exophthalmia of the left eye, the left lateral half of the face increased, egophony, difficulty of respiration, obstruction in swallowing and in the nasal fossae

Description of Rizal on the patient with nasal polyps

Surgical intervention, with the consent of the patient is the only resource

What did Rizal further say in his notes on the nasal polyp patient

The family agrees to the operation, we shall perform to satisfy them. It is a complicated case and we should not wait long. Many hemorrhages have weakened the patient since patients are not sent to us unless they are very ill! There are physicians who are beasts, with dirty conscience.

Rizal’s notes on the nasal polyp patient which show his empathy to the patient and his suffering

Thermo-cautery is done

Rizal’s notes on avoiding recurrence of polyps

Louis de Wecquer

Rizal’s mentor when he was studying medicine in Paris

Lesson 35 of notes on Surgical Clinics

Rizal’s notes on the operation of nasal polyps

He asked his family for tools in extracting molars during his time in Dapitan

Evidence that Rizal dabbled in Dentistry

1. Constructed a relief map
2. Beautified the town plaza
3. Taught the people how to use fishing nets
4. Improved the water supply system

What did Rizal do for the town of Dapitan?

Niederwald monument in Germany

Rizal drew a building that looked like the Statue of Liberty but was actually the ___

April to May 1888

When was Rizal’s travel to America

San Francisco, paid 4$ for his room at the Palace Hotel, Visited Market Street, Chinatown, and the Golden Gate

Where did Rizal land in America and what did he do first

1. Supper cost 76 cents
2. The mormons were spreading
3. The porter of the pullman car, an American, is somewhat of a thief
4. Not as pretty or mysteriously beautiful as the waterfalls in Los Baños, but is so much more gigantic and imposing that no comparison is possible

Rizal’s notes on Sacramento, Salt Lake City, Coloradom abd Niagara Falls,

1. Great city, where everything is New
2. Statue of Indians outside tobacco shops

Rizal’s notes on New York and Chicago

July 27, 1888

When did Rizal write to Mariano Ponce on his impressions of US

1. America is a great country but it still has many defects. There is no real civil liberty
2. Due to hatred for Chinese, asiatics who look like them are disliked
3. America offers a home to the poor who like to work

Rizal’s impression of America

1. There were 800 Chinese on board and the election in San Francisco wanted to boast that it was taking strict measures against the Chinese

According to Rizal, why were they quarantined in America?

13 days, he bought a first class ticket, he also did not look like an Asian

How long was Rizal in quarantine for and why was he able to leave first

300

How many Chinese did Rizal said that the Americans got rid off