DNA Structures and Chromosomes

Flashcards covering key concepts related to DNA structures and chromosomes.

What are chromosomes?

Vehicles of genetic information within the cell.

Where are chromosomes located?

In the nucleus of cells.

When are chromosomes visible microscopically?

Only during cell division.

What is a significant characteristic of chromosomes per species?

Each species has a specific number of chromosomes.

How many chromosomes do humans have?

Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes (46 total).

What type of chromosome do bacteria typically possess?

Bacteria typically possess one circular chromosome.

What determines sex differentiation in humans?

Sex differentiation is determined by the X and Y chromosomes.

What is a chromatid?

One half of a chromosomal molecule that splits longitudinally during cell division.

What are telomeres?

Caps at the end of each strand of DNA that protect our chromosomes.

How many nanochromosomes does Oxytricha trifallax have?

Oxytricha trifallax has 15,600 nanochromosomes.