Cervical anatomy foundation

what structure is the arrow pointing to

crest

what structure is the arrow pointing to

poll

what is the name of the gross structure

Nuchal ligament

what structure is the arrow pointing too

Funiculus nuchae

what structure is the arrow pointing too

Lamina nuchae 

what structure can be found between the funiculus nuchae and the arch of the atlas

cranial nuchal bursae

what structure can be found between the funiculus nuchae and the spine of the axis

caudal nuchal bursae

what is the function of the funiculus nuchae

they reduce friction of the funiculus nuchae

what structure can be found between the funiculus nuchae and thoracic vertebra 

supraspinous bursa 

what vein is the arrow pointing too

vertebral artery

what vein is the arrow pointing too 

deep cervical artery 

what horse lymph nodes are found under the brachiocephalicus

the superficial cervical lymph nodes

what horse lymph nodes are found along the trachea

deep cervical lymph nodes

what number represents superficial cervical lymph nodes

6

what number represent deep cervical lymph nodes

5

the ventral and lateral muscles of the horse head are separated by what

the transverse process of the vertebrae

what are the superficial ventral cervical muscles of a horse

• cutaneous coli

• brachiocephalicus

• omotransversarius

• sternocephalicus

• sternothyrohyodieus

write the number and structure of the superficial ventral muscles of the horse

17- cutaneous coli

14- brachiocephalicus

13- omotransversarius

15- sternocephalicus

16- sternothryohyodius

what are the parts of the brachiocephalicus

• cleidomastoideus

• cleidobrachialis

what is another name for the sternocephalicus on a horse

sternomandibularis

what are the deep ventral muscles of the hourse

• omohyodieus

• longus coli

• longus capitis

• scalenus

write the number and structure of the deep ventral muscles of the horse

12- omohyoideus

10- longus coli

11- longus capitis

11- scalenus

what is the difference between the longus capitis and scalenus

the longus capitis is the cranial portion while the scalenus is the caudal portion

what are the superfical lateral muscles of the horse

• trapezius

• rhomboideus

• splenius

• serratus ventralis

write the number and structure of the superfical lateral muscles

9/10- trapezius

7- rhomboideus 

8- splenius

11- serratus ventralis 

what are the parts of the trapezius

• trapezius cervicis

• trapezius thorasis

what are the parts of the rhomboideus

• rhomboideus cervicis

• rhomboideus thorasis

what are the parts of the serratus ventralis

• serratus ventralis cervicis

• serratus ventralis thorasis 

what are the 1st deep layer lateral muscles of the horse

• semispinalis capitis

• longissimus capitis

• longissimus atlantis

• longissimus cervicis

write the number and structure of the 1st deep layer of lateral muscles 

1- semispinalis capitis

2- longissimus capitis

3- longissimus atlantis

4- longissimus cervicis

what are the groups of muscle in the 2nd deep lateral layer

• multifidus cervicis

• intertransversarii cervicis

• spinalis system

what poll muscle runs from c1-c2

obliquus capitis caudalis

what poll muscle runs from the skull- c1

obliquus capitis cranialis 

write the number and structure of the poll muscles

13- obliquus capitis caudalis

6- obliquus capitis cranialis

what does this drawing represent

the pathway of a cervical nerve

number - name: Sensory/motor/mix

1 - dorsal root: sensory

2- ventral root: motor

3- spinal nerve: mix

4- dorsal branch: mix

5- ventral branch: mix

6- lateral branch: motor

7- median branch: mix

8- dorsal cutaneous: sensory

9- ventral cutaneous: sensory

how many pairs of cervical spinal nerves are there

8

what are the branches of the accessory nerve called

• dorsal

• ventral

where does the dorsal branch of the accessory nerve innervate

• brachiocephalicus

• omotransversarius

• trapezius

where does the ventral branch of the accessory nerve innervate

sternocephalicus

the phrenic nerve is made of what cervical spinal nerves

c5,6,7

the brachial plexus is made of branches of what spinal nerves

c6,7,8,t1,2

the cervical branch of the facial nerve innervates what

cutaneous coli

what are the borders of viborg’s triangle

cranial- ramus

ventral- linguofacial vein

dorsal- tendon of sternocephalicus

what are the borders of the jugular groove

dorsal- cleidomastodieous

ventral- sternocephalicus

deep- omohyodieus

where is the median pectoral groove located on a horse

between the left and right descending pectoral muscles

what are the boundries of the lateral pectoral groove

dorsal- cleidobrachiallis

ventral - descending pectoral

what is the major vein and artery that are within the lateral pectoral groove

• cephalic vein

• superficial cervical artery

what is contained within the carotid sheath

• common carotid artery

• vagosympathetic trunk

• recurrent laryngeal nerve

• internal jugular vein

in the horse the trachea is from _____ to ______

c1-t5/6

the esophagus has striated muscle from the pharynx to the _______

base of the heart

the esophagus has smooth muscle from the base of the heart to _________

the stomach