Chapter 11 | Political Challenges and Changes

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14 Terms

1

Ethnic separatism

The process by which people of a particular ethnicity in a multinational state identify more strongly as members of their ethnic group than as citizens of the state

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2

Ethnic cleansing

The process by which a state attacks an ethnic group and tries to eliminate it through expulsion, imprisonment, or killing

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3

Supranational organization

An alliance of three or more states that work together in pursuit of common goals or to address an issue or challenge

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4

Economies of scale

Cost reductions that occur when production rises

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5

Ethnonationalism

The process by which the people of a country identify as having one common ethnicity, religious belief, and language, creating a sense of pride and identity that is tied to the territory; also called ethnic nationalism

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6

Devolution

Destabilizing process that stresses a state's existing structure

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7

Distance decay

Principle that states as distance increases, communication decreases

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8

Centripetal force

A force that unites groups of people

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9

Political centripetal force

A force that draws people together and supports the sovereignty of the state

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10

Confederation

a group of sovereign states that have banded together where the autonomy of each member state is more important than the common government

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11

Centrifugal force

A force that divides groups of people

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12

Political centrifugal force

A force that pulls a state apart or diminishes its ability to govern

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13

Seperatists

May want complete secession or just greater autonomy or recognition

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14

Failed state

A state that cannot govern and whose sovereignty is threatened

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