Core science CAT Physics

Anode

attracts negative charges

Cathode

Attracts positive charges

Electrolyde

type of conducting fluid or paste where electric charges can flow.

electrode

is a electrical conductor used to make contact with a non metallic part of a circuit.

electricity

Electricity is a form of energy from charged particles.

static electricity

Electricity can be STATIC as charges collect and build up on an area

current

Current ( symbol I) is the flow of electric charge every second, past any point in a circuit. Measured in amps (A)

ampere (amp)

measure of the amount of electric charge in motion per unit time

what does electric charge do

causes matter to experience forces within electromagnetic fields, leading to attractions between opposite charges and repulsions between like charges (both positive or both negative)

what does a battery do in a circuit

a battery acts as a power source by converting stored chemical energy into electrical energy, creating a potential difference (voltage)

what does a resistor do in a circuit

introduces resistance into an electrical circuit to limit or reduce the flow of electric current and to control voltage levels

what does a globe do in a circuit

acts as an electrical load that converts electrical energy into light energy

what does a switch do in a circuit

acts as a controllable connection that allows you to turn the circuit on or off by opening or closing the path for electric current to flow

what is a magnet and what does it do

A magnet is a material or object that produces a magnetic field and exerts an invisible force, or magnetic field, that attracts or repels certain objects

what does a voltmeter do

measures the electrical potential difference (voltage) between two points in an electrical circuit

what does an ammeter do

measures the electric current in a circuit

what is a volt

a unit used to measure the electrical force that pushes electrons through a wire or circuit

Voltage ohm’s law formula

V = I x R

Current Ohm’s Law Formula

I = V/R

Resistance Ohm’s Law Formula

R = V/I

what is ohm’s law

the voltage drop of a resistor will always be the same to the current of the resistor. This means that current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points.

Difference between static and electricity

static electricity is a non-moving, accumulated electric charge, whereas electricity (or current electricity) is the continuous flow of electric charge

difference of parallel and series circuits

series circuits have a single path, meaning if one component fails, the entire circuit breaks, while parallel circuits offer multiple paths, so a failure in one branch doesn't affect the others

3 core metals you can use as a magnet

Magnetic materials include - Iron, Cobalt and Nickel

what a magnet creates around itself

invisible magnetic field

explain how a permanent and electro magnet works

Temporary magnets act like permanent magnets when they are in a strong magnetic field, but lose their magnetism when the magnetic field disappears.

A permanent magnet creates its own persistent magnetic field from materials such as nickel and iron requiring no external power source to function.

what is a solenoid

a type of electromagnet, that converts electrical energy into a linear mechanical force by using a coiled wire to generate a magnetic field that moves a magnetic plunger or armature

how does a solenoid work

by converting electrical energy into mechanical motion through magnetism

what is this

connecting wire

what is this

lamp (light globe)

what is this

battery

what is this

switch

what is this

resistor

what is this

ammeter

what is this

volt meter

what is this

electric motor

what is this

closed switch

what is this

open switch