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map scale
The relationship between the size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature on Earth's surface.
map legend
Explains the meaning of symbols used on a map.
compass rose
a diagram of a compass showing direction (N, S, E, W)ge
general reference map
show location
flow line map
Shows movement with arrows of different size
Cartogram
resizes territories according to subject of interest
thematic map
a type of map that portrays the geographic pattern of a particular subject matter (theme) in a geographic area.
conservative
a political ideology that promotes small government, economic unregulated, socio moral regulated, republican, skeptical of government intervention, "right"
liberal
a political ideology that promotes big government, economic regulated, socio moral unregulated, democrat, government involvement to promote equality, "left"
Republican Party
American political party promoting more conservative ideology
Democratic Party
American political party promoting more liberal ideology
Libertarian
One who believes in limited government interference in personal and economic liberties
Authoritarian
one who believes in extensive government control of personal and economic liberties
moderate
Person whose views are between conservative and liberal and may include some of both ideologies. "In the middle"
Big Government
More government intervention in people's lives, especially in terms of the economy.
Small Government
Less government intervention in people's lives, especially in terms of the economy
Regulated
more government control, less individual freedom
Unregulated
less government control, more individual freedom
Sociomoral issue
issues dealing with personal beliefs and decisions
Economic issue
issues dealing with money or business
Electoral College
process by which we elect the President of the US. You need 270 votes to win the presidency.
Swing State
a state that does not consistently vote either Democratic or Republican in presidential elections
Literacy Test
A test administered as a precondition for voting, often used to prevent African Americans from exercising their right to vote.
Poll Tax
A tax of a fixed amount per person and payable as a requirement for the right to vote, often used to prevent African Americans from exercising their right to vote.
Voting by Mail
A program in many states that allows voters to mail in their ballots rather than appearing in person at a polling place. This often increases voter turnout.
Voter ID laws
laws that require a person to provide some form of official identification before they are permitted to register to vote, receive a ballot for an election, or to actually vote
same-day voter registration
People may register and vote on the same day as the election. This increases voter turnout.
Birth Rate (CBR)
the number of live births per 1000 members of the population in a year
Death Rate (CDR)
number of deaths per year for every 1,000 people
Fertility Rate (TFR)
the average number of children per woman
Demography
The scientific study of population characteristics.
Patriarchy
A form of social organization in which males dominate females
Zero Population Growth (ZPG)
A decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate equals zero.
demographic transition
change in a population from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates
19th Amendment
Gave women the right to vote
15th Amendment
Citizens cannot be denied the right to vote because of race, color , or precious condition of servitude
26th Amendment
Lowered the voting age from 21 to 18
Voting Rights Act of 1965
a law designed to help end formal and informal barriers to African-American suffrage
Overpopulation
too many people in one place for the resources available
Census
population count every 10 years
Dowry
property or money brought by a bride to her husband on their marriage
Population Pyramid
A bar graph representing the distribution of population by age and sex.
life expectancy
The average number of years an individual can be expected to live
replacement rate
2.1 births per woman
natural increase rate (NIR)
The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate.
One Child Policy
A program established by the Chinese government in 1979 to slow population growth in China. Restricted families to only have one child.
restrictive population policies
Government policies designed to reduce the rate of natural increase
expansive population policies
Government policies that encourage large families and raise the rate of population growth
eugenic population policies
Government policies designed to favor one race/group over another
Peters Projection
distorted: shape of land, preserves: area
Robinson Projection
distorted: edge of map, preserves: general distance, shape, size
Mercator Projection
distorts: side and shape, preserves: distance
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