APP1 Unit 10 Variables

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26 Terms

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Fg
weight or force of gravity (N)
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g
gravitational field strength (N/kg or m/s²)
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r (forces)
distance between the centers of two masses (m)
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r (orbits)
distance from the center of the planet to the orbiting object (m)
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G
Gravitation constant (Nᐧm²/kg²)
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θ (motion)
angular position (rad)
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Δθ
angular distance (rad)
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ω
angular velocity: rate of change of angular position (rad/s)
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α
angular acceleration: rate of change of angular velocity (rad/s²)
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∆x or s
arc length or circular distance (m)
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vT
tangential velocity (m/s)
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aT
tangential acceleration: changes the speed; points tangentially forward/backward (m/s²)
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ac
centripetal acceleration: changes the direction; points towards the center (m/s²)
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τ
torque (Nᐧm)
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θ (torque)
angle between moment arm and force (°)
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Rotational equilibrium
Net torque \= 0; angular acceleration \= 0
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Translational equilibrium
Net force \= 0; acceleration \= 0
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Static equilibrium
Net torque and net force \= 0; no acceleration
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I (rotation)
moment of inertia: resistance to CHANGE in angular motion (kgᐧm²)
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r (rotation)
distance from pivot point to force or object (m)
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L
angular momentum (kgᐧm²/s)
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ΔL (effect)
angular impulse: change in angular momentum (kgᐧm²/s)
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Jrot (cause)
angular impulse: an external torque applied for a time interval (Nmᐧs)
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Krot
rotational kinetic energy (J)
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The moment of inertia of an object about an axis
I\=mr²
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Relating rotational and linear variables:
(1) ∆x\=∆θr
(2) v\=ωr
(3) a\=αr