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1st World, 2nd World, 3rd World Nations
1st - US, Western Europe —> Capitalism and democratic
2nd - SU & satellite nations under the Warsaw pact
3rd - everything else
Anti-Semitism
hate towards a certain group/minority —> islamophobia
Apartheid
“apart”, segregation in South Africa
Appeasement
Britain just let Germany take land unchecked to avoid war —> failed
Asian Tigers
rapid econ growth, low work pay, saved millions of people from poverty —> Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan
Authoritarian Capitalism
democracy, strong federal gov —> parent that doesn’t give their child a lot of choice
Ayatollah
title of a leader in Iran
Berlin Wall
separated east and west berlin in cold war —> “ended” the cold war
Blitzkrieg
lightning fast war
Climate Change
result of industrialization, ties to oil, ties to Iran/Saudi Arabia
UN Declaration of Human Rights
believed humans should have rights, signed by 58 countries in 1948
Collectivization
Great Leap forward, no private ownership
Communism
everyone share everything, wanted to overthrow capitalism, state/public ownership
Decolonization
child country breaking apart from parent country
Euro
currency within Europe countries —> symbolizes that they are all allies & have a common market
European Union
middle of Bosnian genocide, tied to Yugoslavia, countries in Europe created union
Fascism
authoritarian gov with dictator & government, Mussolini from Italy, Hitler, & Mao
Feminism
birth control, women have careers/jobs/have education
Five-year plans
Russia & China to bring economic prosperity —> 5 year gov plans for what they wanted to see happen
Fundamentalism
clashes to preserve culture
Genocide
discriminating & persecuting based off a minority
Glasnost/Perestroika
Glasnost —> transparency/openness in gov, no censoring
Perestroika —>changing econ policies to make it more efficient, produce goods, & allow for more competition
Globalization
being connected to different parts of the world —> like the plane time video
Great Leap Forward
Mao wanted to throw China ahead of their competitors
Green Revolution
used GMOs to increase yield per crop
Guomindang
China’s National People’s Party, versus the Communists. US backed in containment
Holocaust
Nazis killed Jews
Indian National Congress
founded by Gandhi when he was 16, gov of India, working w/ British to be a separate nation, nonviolence protests
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
created exchange rates for currency
Iron Curtain
line around communism/SU. difference between communism and democracy
Jihad
nationalist extremism, from Islam —> translates to struggle, fight, or doing the most you can
Sykes-Picot Agreement / Mandate System
Sykes-Picot Agreement —> between Britain & France. basically split up Ottoman Empire into Syria, Iraq, Lebanon, & Palestine. known as Asia Minor Agreement. wanted for oil
Mandate System —> split up the Ottoman Empire and colonies of Germany to prevent war
De-Stalinization
after Stalin died, Kruschev did political reforms
Al-Qaeda / ISIS
terrorist group 9/11, islam, jihad
Martin Luther King Jr.
wanted to end segregate & unite America, Christian
Gandhi
influential Hindu, believed in nonviolence, created Indian National Congress, worked in South Africa
Manchukuo / Greater East Asia Prosperity Sphere
Manchukuo —> puppet state of Japan established in Manchuria in northeastern China, during Qing dynasty
Greater East Asia Prosperity Sphere —> asian bloc that the empire of Japan tried to make, to guard against western influence
Multinational Corporation
business in more than 1 country (outside of home country), globalization
Nationalism
pride for one’s country, ideas of imagined communities & belonging, cultural identities
National Organization for Women (NOW)
wanted to end sex discrimination, after Vietnam men came back to work but women wanted to keep jobs
Neoliberalism (Margaret Thatcher, Ronald Reagan)
advocated for free market, limited gov intervention, deregulation & privatization
Margaret Thatcher —> UK
Ronald Reagan —> US
New Deal
FDR between WW1 and WW2 after Great Depression, helped bring economy back up
Non-Government Organization (NGO)
what the international companies couldn’t do, these private companies could do. independent from gov
North American Free Trade Organization (NAFTA)
US, Canda, Mexico trade
Cartel / Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
a group of countries that export the most oil, founded in Iraq
Policy of Containment
contain communism to an area
Proxy War
cold war, US and SU would back up opposing sides and they would have a war
Syncretism
combining different cultures and mindsets to “synchronize”
Terrorism
attack for political aims
Theory of Relativity
Einstein, physics law. his research led to Manhattan project & development of atomic bomb
Total War
everyone is involved in the war effort
Treaty of Versailles
ended WW1, placed huge sanctions on Germany which sent them into a depression —> led to Nazis/Hitler
United Nations
to stop war & have a council of allies. try war criminals
Welfare state
provides basic needs for its people, specifically economic security
World Bank
fighting poverty, gives money to help the needy
World Trade Organization
to monitor tariffs and trades between countries. declares rules of international trade
Yalta conference
Stalin wants land & concessions for all that was lost during WWII (doesn’t trust the other 2), Big 3 meet to discuss Germany and Europe post-war. Decided to split up Germany into 4 territories. sets up the precedent for the cold war (SU communist, US capitalist)
Zionism
says Israel was the official home of Jewish refugees who were displaced after WWII
League of Nations
ending of WWI, wanted to maintain peace. US did not join because Woodrow Wilson wanted his 14 points. went really heavy w/ Germany sanctions
Amazon / eBay
globalization, shopping
Facebook / Twitter
globalization, social media
Weibo & WeChat in China
China’s version of social media, Jihad influenced by globalization
Bollywood
Indian movies
Penicillin
innovation leading to growth in population/medicine. less death
Note
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