Understanding Binary and Oxyacids (Real version of acids and bases to understand)

What is a binary acid?

an acid that contains only two different elements: hydrogen and one of the more electronegative elements

How to name binary acid (steps):

1 prefix represents the first element (always hydrogen) 2 the root of the name of the second element 3 the first word ends with the suffix -ic and second word is acid

Binary Acid: HF

hydrofluoric acid

Binary Acid: HCl

hydrochloric acid

Binary Acid: HI

hydroiodic acid

Binary Acid: H2S

hydrosulfuric acid

What is an oxyacid?

an acid that is a compound of hydrogen, oxygen, and a third element, usually a nonmetal

Oxyacid: Acetic Acid

CH3COOH

Oxyacid: carbonic acid

H2CO3

Oxyacid: Hypochlorous Acid

HClO

Oxyacid: chlorous acid

HClO2

Oxyacid: chloric acid

HClO3

Oxyacid: perchloric acid

HClO4

Oxyacid: iodic acid

HIO3

Oxyacid: nitrous acid

HNO2

Oxyacid: Nitric Acid

HNO3

Oxyacid: phosphorous acid

H3PO3

Oxyacid: Phosphoric Acid

H3PO4

Oxyacid: sulfurous acid

H2SO3

Oxyacid: sulfuric acid

H2SO4

What are the 7 strong acids?

HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, HClO3, HClO4, H2SO4

What can we assume about other acids that aren't strong acids?

We assume they are weak acids

Strong Acid Example

HCl + H2O ---> H3O+ + Cl- Strong acid

Weak Acid Example

HF + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + F- Weak Acid

What are the 9 strong bases?

LiOH, NaOH, KOH, RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, Ba(OH)2

Strong Base Example

NaOH (s) ---> Na+(aq) + OH- (aq) Strong Base

Weak Base example

NH3 (l) + H2O (l) --> NH4+ (aq) + OH- (aq) Weak Base

oxalic acid

H2C2O4

Binary Acid: HBr

hydrobromic acid