Calculating Frequency, Energy of Photons, and Electronic Transitions

These flashcards cover concepts related to light properties, electron transitions in atoms, and their calculations, assisting with understanding electromagnetic radiation.

Wavelength

The distance between consecutive peaks of a wave, typically measured in nanometers (nm) or meters (m).

Frequency

The number of cycles of a wave that pass a point in one second, measured in hertz (Hz), equivalent to one cycle per second.

Speed of Light (c)

The speed at which light travels in vacuum, approximately 2.998 x 10^8 m/s.

Planck's constant (h)

A fundamental constant used to describe the sizes of quanta, valued at approximately 6.626 x 10^-34 J·s.

Photon

A particle representing a quantum of light or other electromagnetic radiation.

Bohr Model

A model of the hydrogen atom that describes electrons as moving in fixed orbits around the nucleus.

Quantum Number (n)

A number that specifies the energy level of an electron in an atom.

Transitional Energy levels

Different energy states that electrons occupy within an atom, described by quantum numbers.

Hund’s Rule

A principle stating that electrons will fill degenerate orbitals singly before pairing up.

Degenerate Orbitals

Orbitals that have the same energy within the same subshell.

Practice Exercises

Exercises provided for students to apply concepts learned in a lesson, often involving calculations or conceptual questions.

Orbital Diagram

A visual representation of the arrangement of electrons in atomic orbitals.

Unpaired Electrons

Electrons that are alone in an orbital, influencing the magnetic and chemical properties of an atom.