cells : principles and applications of science
- cell membrane - controls what moves in and out of the cell
- mitochondria - where aerobic respiration takes place
- cytoplasm - where most of the chemical reactions take place
- nucleus - contains genetic information
- nuclear membrane - movement of particles in and out of the cell
- starch grains - stores starch
Microscopes : history
- first names in 1609
- first cells observed in 1665 which were cork plant cells (dead)
- first living cells observed around 1674 - 1683 (living cells)
- nucleus first observed in 1831
- universal cell theory 1839
- evidence for new cells generated from existing cells in 1892
how compound light microscopes work
it has two lens,objective and eyepiece
the objective lens is placed closed to the specimen
the eyepiece is the lens through which specimen is viewed
both lens magnify the same
calculations
eye piece = x10 or x20
objective lens = x4,x10,x40,x100
%%[formula = eye piece x objective]%% ⭐
a transition light microscope forms an image from the light passing through the specimen
specimen must be thin
magnification
%%[magnification = measured size of the image / actual size of the object]%%⭐
Characters of living things
- growth
- reproduction
- releases energy
- nutrition
- excretion
- sensitivity
- movement
- made up of cells
principles of living organisms
- cells and tissues
- types of tissues
- structures found within cells
- function of structures found within cells
- difference between type of cell