Study Guide Bio II Lab Final Practical w/ Slides

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78 Terms

1
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Are Fungi heterotrophs, phototrophs, or autotrophs?

Heterotrophs

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What type of digestion do fungi use?

External digestion

3
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How do Fundi use external digestion?

By releasing enzymes that breakdown lignin and cellulose.

4
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What are fungi made of?

Mycelium, hypha, and cell wall

5
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What are the young 5 fungal phylums?

Chytridiomycota, Zygomycota, Glomeromycota, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota

6
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What is the unique characteristic of Chytridiomycota?

Swimming gametes and spores, aquatic fungi, negative impact on frogs

7
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What is the unique characteristic of Zygomycota?

Zygosporangia, sexual spore = zygospore, asexual = sporangium

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What is the common name for Zygomycota?

Bread molds

9
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What is the species name for bread molds?

Rhizopus

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What is the unique characteristic of Glomeromycota?

Asexual spores, mycorrhizae

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What is mycorrhizae?

When the fungi (glomeromycota) is associated with roots (plants)

Myco = fungi

rhizo = root

12
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How benefits from mycorrhizae?

Everyone!

- Plants receive nutrients and moisture from fungi

- Fungi gets carbohydrates from the plants

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What is ectomycorrhizal?

Fungus outside of the root.

14
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What is endomycorrhizal?

Fungus inside the root cells.

15
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What is the unique characteristic of Ascomycota?

Asci, sexual = ascocarp w/ ascospores, asexual = conidiophores w/ conidia, used IN cheeses, breads, alcohol, and antibodies

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What are some different types of Ascomycota?

yeast, cup mold, mildew, truffles, peziza, penicillium, aspergillus

17
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What is the difference between Ascocarp and ascospores?

Ascocarp = fruiting body

Ascospores = spores

18
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How many ascospores are held within an ascus?

8

19
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What is an ascus?

A sac that contains ascospores

20
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What is the difference between conidiophores and conidia?

Conidiophores = special hyphae

Conidia = spores

21
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What is the unique characteristic of Basidiomycota?

Basidia and basidiocarp

22
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What are the different types of Basidiomycota?

Mushrooms and puffballs

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What makes up a Basidiomycota?

Basidiocarp = fruiting body

Gills

24
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How many basidiospores are produced in each basidium?

4

25
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What is plasmogamy?

The fusion of the cytoplasm

26
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What is a heterokaryotic?

A cell/hyphae contains genetically distinct nuclei

27
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What is karyogamy?

The fusion of the nuclei to form a diploid zygote

28
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Zygote undergoes ___ to form ___ spores?

meiosis, haploid

29
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What are Lichens?

They are made up of two organisms, fungi and a photosynthetic organism

30
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What photosynthetic organism is used for lichens?

Algae or cyanobacteria

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What fungi are used for lichens?

Ascomycota or Basidiomycota

32
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What lineage are Fungi apart of?

Opisthokonta

33
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Mycelium

Is this mycelium, hypha, or the cell wall?

<p>Is this mycelium, hypha, or the cell wall?</p>
34
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Hypha

Is this mycelium, hypha, or the cell wall?

<p>Is this mycelium, hypha, or the cell wall?</p>
35
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Cell wall

Is this mycelium, hypha, or the cell wall?

<p>Is this mycelium, hypha, or the cell wall?</p>
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Chytridiomycota

What phylum of fungi does this slide belong to?

<p>What phylum of fungi does this slide belong to?</p>
37
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Ectomycorrhizal

Is this ectomycorrhizal or endotrophic mycorrhizal?

<p>Is this ectomycorrhizal or endotrophic mycorrhizal?</p>
38
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A. Root

B. Fungi

Point out the root and fungi within this slide.

<p>Point out the root and fungi within this slide.</p>
39
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Endotrophic mycorrhizal

Is this ectomycorrhizal or endotrophic mycorrhizal?

<p>Is this ectomycorrhizal or endotrophic mycorrhizal?</p>
40
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A. Root

B. Fungi

Point out the root and fungi within this slide.

<p>Point out the root and fungi within this slide.</p>
41
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A. Zygospore

B. Hyphae

Structure = gametangia

Label this slide.

<p>Label this slide.</p>
42
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Sporangium

What is this structure?

<p>What is this structure?</p>
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A. Zygospore

B. Hyphae

C. Sporangium

Label the different structures.

<p>Label the different structures.</p>
44
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Ascocarp

Is this the ascocarp or ascus w/ ascospores?

<p>Is this the ascocarp or ascus w/ ascospores?</p>
45
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Ascus w/ ascospores

Is this the ascocarp or ascus w/ ascospores?

<p>Is this the ascocarp or ascus w/ ascospores?</p>
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Aspergillus spp.

Is this Aspergillus spp. or Penicillium spp.?

<p>Is this Aspergillus spp. or Penicillium spp.?</p>
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Penicillium spp.

Is this Aspergillus spp. or Penicillium spp.?

<p>Is this Aspergillus spp. or Penicillium spp.?</p>
48
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A. Sterigmata

B. Conidia

C. Conidiophores

Label this organism.

<p>Label this organism.</p>
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Coprinus

What is this cross section of?

<p>What is this cross section of?</p>
50
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Basidia w/ basidiospores

Is this a basidia w/ basidiospores or ascus w/ ascospores?

<p>Is this a basidia w/ basidiospores or ascus w/ ascospores?</p>
51
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Ascus w/ ascospores

Is this a basidia w/ basidiospores or ascus w/ ascospores?

<p>Is this a basidia w/ basidiospores or ascus w/ ascospores?</p>
52
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A. & C. Hyphae

B. Phototroph

Of a lichen

Label this slide and what is this organism(s).

<p>Label this slide and what is this organism(s).</p>
53
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Crustose

Is this a crustose, foliose or fruticose lichen?

<p>Is this a crustose, foliose or fruticose lichen?</p>
54
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Foliose

Is this a crustose, foliose or fruticose lichen?

<p>Is this a crustose, foliose or fruticose lichen?</p>
55
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Fruticose

Is this a crustose, foliose or fruticose lichen?

<p>Is this a crustose, foliose or fruticose lichen?</p>
56
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Ectomychorrhizae

  • phylum Glomeromycota

<ul><li><p>phylum Glomeromycota</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Endomycorrhizae

  • phylum Glomeromycota

<ul><li><p>phylum Glomeromycota</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Rhizopus (common bread mold)

  • phylum Zygomycota

<ul><li><p>phylum Zygomycota</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Aspergillus

  • phylum Ascomycota

<ul><li><p>phylum Ascomycota</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Penicillium

  • phylum Ascomycota

<ul><li><p>phylum Ascomycota</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Peziza (cup fungu

  • phylum Ascomycota

<ul><li><p>phylum Ascomycota</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Basidiomycota

  • Coprinus cross section

<ul><li><p>Coprinus cross section</p></li></ul><p></p>
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lichen

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Class Hydrozoa

  • Obelia young medusae

<ul><li><p>Obelia young medusae</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Class Hydrozoa

  • obelia hydra

<ul><li><p>obelia hydra</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Class Hydrozoa

  • hydra

<ul><li><p>hydra</p></li></ul><p></p>
67
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Phylum Porifera

  • asexual

<ul><li><p>asexual</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Phylum Porifera

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Phylum Porifera

  • spicules: structural support and protection

    • spongin, calcium, silicon

  • gemmules: asexual reproduction

<ul><li><p>spicules: structural support and protection</p><ul><li><p>spongin, calcium, silicon</p></li></ul></li><li><p>gemmules: asexual reproduction</p></li></ul><p></p>
70
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Class Scyphozoa

  • true jellyfish

<ul><li><p>true jellyfish</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Phylum Platyhelminthes

  • Class Planaria

<ul><li><p>Class Planaria</p></li></ul><p></p>
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early development in sea stars (echinoderms)

  • class Asteroidea

<ul><li><p>class Asteroidea</p></li></ul><p></p>
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late cleavage in sea stars (echinoderms)

  • class Asteroidea

<ul><li><p>class Asteroidea</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Phylum Nemertea (ribbon worms)

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Class Trematoda

  • phylum Platyhelminthes

  • parasitic liver fluke

<ul><li><p>phylum Platyhelminthes</p></li><li><p>parasitic liver fluke</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Phylum Mollusca

  • trochophore larvae

<ul><li><p>trochophore larvae</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Nereis Parapodia (worm leg)

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Class Cestoda (tapeworm)

  • phylum Platyhelminthes

<ul><li><p>phylum Platyhelminthes</p></li></ul><p></p>