Filipino (Architecture)

Reduccion

The grouping and reduction in number of formerly scattered barangays into compact and larger communities to facilitate religious conversion and cultural change.

Bahay na Bato

Spanish Colonial houses built with stone base and wood construction. An evolved bahay kubo with improved air circulation and lighting.

Bahay na Tisa

Spanish colonial house built with roof tiles.

Accessoria

Apartment dwellings; single or two-storey structures having multiple units defined by common party walls shared by adjoining units separated door at the facade.

Ecclesiastical Structure

Simbahan

Tribunas

A screened gallery with entry from the second floor to the convent.

Campanario

Bell tower

Convento

Parish house or rectory.

Minor Basilica of the Immaculate Concepcion

The Roman Catholic Minor Basilica in the capital of the Philippines. Distinguished by its Romanesque Style.

Laoag Church

By Fr. Joseph Ruiz, known for its sinking bell tower.

Paoay Church

Agustinian church that has the largest bell tower. Probably the best known "earthquake Baroque" church in the Philippines. Distinguished by its enormous side buttresses with scroll-like bases.

Nuestra Señora dela Asuncion

Church in Ilocos Sur distinguished by its brick facade.

Quiapo Church

Restored by Juan Nakpil and Jose Maria Zaragosa

San Agustin Church

By Fr. Juan Macias, the first religious structure built in the island of Luzon; the only stone church of its size that is still standing as initially built. Also one of the very few built with true barrel vaulting.

San Sebastian Church

One of the first steel buildings. The steel used to construct this church was pre-fabricated and shipped directly from Belgium. The first Gothic style architecture in the Philippines.

Taal Church

By Fr. Martin Aguirre, the biggest Spanish church in the country in terms of size and floor area..

Miag-ao Church

Church with its unusual Aztec like bas-relief in the facade depicting St. Christopher carrying the baby Jesus through a tropical forest, located in Ilo-ilo.

Forts

European style fortifications characterized by heavy stone walls, moats and grid road layouts. Basically built to protect the city.

Fort San Pedro

The first fort in the country, initially built of Stone.

Nuestra Señora de Guia

Located in Intramuros, the first STONE fort in the country.

Fort Santiago

Fort named after the patron saint of Spain, it was built at a sharp angle between a river and a bay, it formed a citadel.

Palacio de Gobierno

Residence of the highest official of the land.

Ayuntamiento

The seat of the colonial governance in the country.

Real Audencia

Tribunal court

Aduana

Customs house

Casa de Municipal

Smaller version of the Ayuntamiento in provincial towns. Its design looks like an oversized bahay na bato.

Casa Hacienda

Housed the administration of the hacienda.

Universidad de Santo Tomas

Oldest university in Asia founded by the Dominicans in 1611.

Ateneo de Manila

One of the oldest universities in the Philippines, originally located in Intramuros, founded by the Jesuits.

Colegio de San Ildefonso

One of the oldest universities in the Philippines, the precursor of the University of San Carlos.

Fabian dela Rosa

(1869-1937) The first painter of the note for the 20th century. Noted for his realistic paintings, genre and landscapes in subdued colors. He was the first dean of the UP Fine Arts School.

Fernando Amorsolo

(1892-1972) A student of Fabian dela Rosa, he is the first and among the few Filipino painter who have captured the different striking colors and character of the country's magnificent sunlight. Works: Dalagang Bukid, Planting Rice

Guillermo Tolentino

(1890-1976) Filipino sculptor who trained in the classical style in Rome.

Chalet

A single-storey raised slightly above the ground, constructed in reinforced concrete and wood; with an extended veranda in front.

The Burnham Plan

Planning concerned in building education. Planned by David H. Burnham and executed by William Parsons. Also developed waterfront, location of parks and parkways, street system from one district to the other, waterways and transportation.

Beaux Art

Classical architecture basically in Neo Classical form but has a freedom in the use of ornamentation.

Andres Luna de San Pedro

Forerunner of the mall; remarkable use of glass as its main component.

Tomas Mapua

First registered architect in the country.

Juan Nakpil

1st National Artist for Architecture

Pablo Antonio

2nd National Artist for Architecture

Modern Period in Philippine Arts

The desire to veer away from the aesthetic standards, they strove to develop new idioms in expressing themselves.

Victorio Edades

(1895-1985) Father of Philippine Modern Art.

The Builders

Painting by Victorio Edades known to be the first ever modern painting in the country.

Galo Ocampo

Known for his Filipinized Western canonical iconography.

Far Eastern University

Known to be the largest collection of buildings in one site. Designed by Pablo Antonio

Victorio Edades, Galo Ocampo, Botong Francisco

The Triumvirate of Philippine Modern Art

Carlos "Botong" Francisco

Angono-based painter. His trademark were fluid lines and brilliant colors.

The Thirteen Moderns

A group of artists who were reacting to the academic style of Luna and Hidalgo and to the sweet style of Amorsolo.

Vicente Manansala

(1910-1981) Considered as the major proponent of Cubism in the country.

Hernando Ocampo

(1911-1978) Formed the triumvirate of neo-realists. His artworks were nationalistic and reflected the harsh realities of the country after World War II.

The Triumvirate of Neo-realists

Hernando Ocampo, Vicente Manansala and Cesar Legaspi

Cesar Legaspi

(1917-1994) He works are more remembered for the depiction of the masses.

Anita Magsaysay-Ho

One of the Thirteen Moderns whose works are characterized by sharply outlined figures of peasant women wearing bandanna going about their daily chores.

Fernando Zobel

(1924-84) Winner of the AAP competition; his works include Carozza, an almost abstract depiction of the carriage.

Jose Joya

The country's leading abstract expressionist.

Ang Kiukok

Filipino Chinese Artist, his distinct style that fused influences from cubism, surrealism and expressionism, Some classified his style as "figurative expressionism."

Mauro "Malang" Santos

He started as illustration painting, his bright disposition has always come out in the vivid colors of his paintings, he explored into a tropical kaleidoscope of colors.

Arturo Luz

National artist for visual arts, his best masterpiece were minimalists, geometric abstracts alluding to the modernist "virtues" of competence, order and elegance.

Napoleon Abueva

Father of Philippine Modern Sculpture.; produced highly stylized, simplified and eventually abstract works under the influence of Moore and Brancusi.

Brise Soleil

Sun Breakers that are part of the architectural structures that started during the Philippine Modern Architecture.

Bungalow

Common house form of the early 20th century distinguished by its horizontal appearance, wide eaves, large porches and multilight doors and windows.

Manila International Airport

First modern international Airport in the Far East and had the first escalator in the country.

Church of the Risen Lord

A parabola church and known for its saddle shaped roof of one sheet.

Quiapo Mosque

Commissioned by the former first lady, Imelda Marcos for the visit of the Libyan President.

Leandro Locsin

3rd National Artist for Architecture.

Francisco Mañosa

Proponent of the architecture in the modern age.

Tahanang Pilipino

Also known as the Coconut Palace

Abdulmari Imao

Through his works, the indigenous ukkil, sarimanok and naga motifs have been popularized and instilled in the consciousness of the Filipino nation and other people as original Filipino creation.

Roberto Chabet

The founding Museum Director of the CCP and pioneer of conceptual art in the country.

Benedicto Cabrera

National Artist; known for pioneering the neofigurative art.

Eduardo Castrillo

Known for his bronze sheet monuments.

Ramon Orlina

Known sculptor for his glass blocks material.