Renewable (Identification)

____ is a remote sensing technology that uses sound waves to determine wind characteristics.

Sonic Detection and Ranging (SODAR)

Sunlight emits invisible particle known as ___.

photons

______ also known as radiant energy, is a form of electromagnetic energy that is visible to the human eye.

Light energy

Type of renewable energy that we get from the movement of air.

Wind Energy

The __________ is the component of a wind turbine that converts the mechanical energy from the rotor into electrical energy.

Generator

This type of asynchronous generator is commonly used in wind turbine to enable variable speed operation and efficient energy generation.

Doubly- fed induction

What process occurs when a PV Cell transforms light energy into electricity?

Photovoltaic Effect

It is the conversion energy from sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics or indirectly using concentrated solar power.

Solar Power

It is the type of solar panel known for its high efficiency and sleek design, typically made from single-crystal silicon.

Monocrystalline solar panel

It is the power of the solar radiation per unit area, measured in W/m2 .

Solar Irradiance

A group of wind turbines located in a specific area to generate large-scale electricity.

Wind Farm

It consists of many heliostats that concentrate the incoming direct-beam radiation to a receiver (sun boiler) located at the top of a tower, during which the radiation directly superheats the heat substance or heats the water in the receiver to produce steam which in turn drives the turbine/generator.

Power Tower

It is a heat engine operating by cyclic compression and expansion of air or other gas, the working fluid, at different temperature levels.

Stirling Engine

It secures the solar panels in place, typically on rooftops or on the ground, ensuring they are positioned for maximum sunlight exposure.

Mounting system

High-temperature Solar Thermal Systems falls between ____°C temperature range and are mostly used in electricity generation and industrial process heat applications.

250-1000 °C

It is the ratio of the mechanical power actually obtained directly from the rotor and the wind power.

Power Coefficient

According to Republic Act 9513, Chapter 1, Section 4. Definition of Terms, ________ refers to the government agency created pursuant to Republic Act No. 7638 whose functions are expanded in Republic Act No. 9136 and further expanded in this Act.

Department of Energy (DOE)

It refers to the irregular and chaotic motion of air in the atmosphere, which differs from the smooth or steady flow of wind.

Turbulence

In the analysis of electrical circuits within renewable energy systems, such as solar panel arrays or wind turbine generators, the law that states that the sum of the electrical potential differences (voltages) around any closed loop is equal to zero is known as?

Kirchhoff's Voltage Law

It is the energy barrier between bands where no electrons can exist here.

Forbidden Energy Gap

It is an energy band that contains free electrons that conduct electricity.

Conduction band

It is the force in wind turbines that acts by directly pushing the blades, typically resulting in slower rotation.

Drag force

Identify the component of a wind turbine that houses the generator and other essential machinery, typically located at the top of the tower.

Nacelle

It is the amount of the rotor surface area facing the wind in proportion to the total swept area of the rotor. The higher the solidity of the rotor, the lower is its speed.

Solidity

The power from the grid utility______ the energy to the battery to supply electrical charges.

Import

_______ used a mirrored parabolic dish for focus from thermal receiver, which transfer heat to engine/generator.

Dish/engine

In big wind farm projects, ___________ should be done first.

Wind Velocity Measurement

How long is the feed-in tariff typically guaranteed to renewable energy producers?

20 years

A _______ is the basic unit for converting light energy into electrical energy.

Solar cell

Which sector must comply with Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS)?

Electricity suppliers

Wind energy is the process of converting wind currents into mechanical energy, which can then be transformed into electricity using?

Wind Turbine

It is a large body of water with layers of different salt concentrations that trap solar energy that also consists of a salinity gradient to trap the heat , which can then be used for generation of electricity, process heat, and freshwater.

Solar Pond

A type of solar thermal technology that concentrates sunlight onto a long, narrow receiver tube.

Line-Focusing Collectors/Linear Focus Collectors

What is the Panel Generation factor in the Philippines or (PGF)?

3.43

It is use to monitor and control the flow of electricity from the solar panels to the batteries, preventing overcharging and ensuring optimal battery performance.

Charge Controller

It is a device used to measure wind speed and, sometimes, wind direction.

Anemometer

It is an advanced technology used to assess wind speed, direction, and turbulence at various altitudes.

Lidar (Light Detection and Ranging)

According to Republic Act 9513, Chapter III, Section 7. To accelerate the development of emerging renewable energy resources, a ______ system for electricity produced from wind, solar, ocean, run-off-river hydropower, and biomass is hereby mandated.

Feed-in Tariff

The metric commonly used to define the level of wind resource.

Wind power density (W/m2 )

It is a type of semiconducting material layer in a PV cell that attracts positive electrons. It is produced by adding atoms—such as boron or gallium—that have one less electron in their outer energy level.

P-type Semiconductor

It is the term used to describe the maximum power output of photovoltaic (PV) modules under standard test conditions, often expressed in watts.

Watt-peak

The development of wind farms began in the early ____ in California with the installation of wind turbines ranging from 20 to 100 kW.

1980s

The solar cell is known to only absorbed light waves ranging from 350 to 1140 nm which are also called?

Visible Spectrum

It is a type of solar collector that uses mirrors or lenses to focus sunlight on a small area to produce very high temperatures

Concentrating Solar Collectors

The average solar panel has a power output rating of __________and generates around 1.5 kilowatt-hours (kwh) of energy per day.

250 to 400 watts (W)

What is the current availability range of wind turbines?

95–98%

It is the cross-sectional shape of a wind turbine blade (or an aircraft wing) designed to generate lift when air flows over it.

Airfoil

Measures wind speed based on the rotation of cups mounted on horizontal arms.

Cup Anemometer

What is the type of wind turbine that is most commonly used in large-scale wind farms?

Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbine

It is the material used in photovoltaic cells that absorbs sunlight and converts it into electrical energy.

Silicon

It is the ratio of the power generated in pumping water to the power received by the rotor.

Overall system efficiency

It is an energy from a source that is not depleted when used, such as wind, hydropower, bioenergy, or solar power.

Renewable energy

What type of material for photovoltaic (PV) cells can achieve efficiencies greater than 25%, with tandem cells exceeding 30%?

Perovskite solar cells

What is the equivalent of one electronic charge?

1.602 x 10^-19 C