Corrections exam review 3

What are intermediate sanctions?

Community based sentence that provides more freedom that prison but less freedom than regular probation/parole

What state did the first halfway house begin in?

- They date back to the early 1800s in England and Ireland, originating in the US in 1816

- Isaac T. Hopper Home opened in 1845 in New York City

What do halfway houses do? What is their mission? Who do they target?

- Provide alternatives to imprisonment and create an outlet for prison crowding

- provide transitional housing for individuals having trouble finding housing while on supervision because of their charge (ie. sex offenders)

- Attend and complete the treatment aspect (drug treatment, mental health treatment)

- Work through the levels of the behavioral modification program

What are the requirements for living in a halfway house?

- live in one's facility

- be employed (or working part-time and going to school)

- Keep current on rent

- be preapproved to leave one's facility for reasons other than work

What is the Dual conflict role?

A model explaining how community supervision officers engage in both rule enforcement/monitoring and therapeutic/treatment to effectively supervise clients on probation and/or parole.

What is shock incarceration?

A brief period of incarceration followed by a term of supervised probation. Also called shock probation, shock parole, or split sentence.

What was the first state to use bootcamp?

- Georgia in 1983

What is the eligibility for bootcamp?

- candidates who volunteer

- young first-time felony offenders with no previous incarceration in adult prisons

What is a restitution center? What is their focus?

A type of residential community facility specifically targeted for property or first-time offenders who owe victim restitution or community service.

What is the John Craine House about regarding females?

- located in Indianapolis, Indiana

- designed specifically for female offenders convicted of misdemeanors/nonviolent felony offenses who are caretakers of preschool-aged children

- serves 6 women and 8 children at a time, stays ranging from 5/6 months

What is house arrest?

A community-based sanction in which offenders serve their sentence at home. Offenders have curfews and may not leave their home except for employment and correctional treatment purposes. Also called home detention or home confinement.

Is house arrest always accompanied with electronic monitoring? T/F

True

How long do people stay at day reporting centers?

The average DRC is 6 months (90 to 120 days)

What are the criticisms of house arrest?

- It doesn't seem to be a punishment

- violates detainee's constitutional right to privacy in the home

- can still commit crimes from their home

- Domestic violence happens more often

Who is most successful in house arrest?

- individuals with strong self-discipline

- stable employment

- supportive families

- house arrest that allows them to keep providing for their family

What is radio frequency?

An intermittent or continuous radio-frequency signal transmitted through a landline telephone or wireless unit into a receiver that determines whether an offender is at home.

What is GPS?

A system that uses military satellites orbiting the earth to pinpoint an offender's exact location intermittently or at all times.

What is active monitoring?

A real-time GPS system that transmits data through wireless networks continuously at a rate of once or twice per minute. A phone line continually calls a reporting station to update an offender's location, which is tracked by a computer.

What is passive monitoring?

A GPS system that temporarily stores location data downloaded through a landline phone once every 24 hours or at specific times when an offender is home.

What is an inclusion zone?

Exact locations, such as locus of employment, school, or appointment, where an offender is required to be at a certain time.

What is an exclusion zone?

Exact locations an offender is prohibited from being in or near.

What is the cost of GPS?

- around $8.00 a day for real-time tracking

- around $4.00 a day for passive tracking

- adding equipment charges total cost averages around $11 and $20 per day

What exclusion zones would you put up for a sex offender?

- schools

- parks

- daycare centers

- victims residence

- community centers

What are the drawbacks of using GPS technology?

- loss of GPS signal, unreliable in rural areas/dead spots

- short battery lives

- can be removed with specialized tools

- cost