APUSH Unit 8 Test

Imperialism

Indicates the __expansion of a nation’s empire__

Naval Act of 1900

Authorized the __construction of battleships that would be clearly offensive in nature__

Spanish-American War

• 1898

• Cuba is controlled by Spain

• US has many interests in Cuba

  • Proximity

  • Economics (sugar cane)

  • Independence

  • Yellow Journalism

Annexation of Hawaii

• Forced annexation, territorial expansion, for US business

• Grover Cleveland says no, McKinley convinces Congress

• 1898

Treaty of Paris

• 1898

• Cuban independence

• US gets Guam and Puerto Rico and pays $20 million for the Philippines

Open Door Policy

European Powers had divided China into “spheres of influence” (territories where the country controls)

• Russia

• England

• Japan

• Germany

• Austria

Yellow Journalism

• Embraced dramatic headlines and exaggerated storylines

• Takes of ripe and exciting foreign lands

Alfred Thoyer Mahan

• The Influence of Sea Power upon History

• “To be a World power, a great navy is needed”

Social Darwinism

• The application of Darwin's theory of natural selection to society

  • Specifically in economics and business in America

• Used by supporters of imperialism

White Man’s Burden

(__Pro-Expansionists__)

* US wants to __Christianize the world__

Reconcentration

Sent civilians who the __Spanish thought might be potential allies of the rebels__ into __heavily guarded camps__

Jingoism

Combination of __intense American nationalism__ with a __desire for adventure abroad__

USS Maine

• Exploded in Havana Harbor

• #1 Reason for US involvement

• US press blames Spain

Rough Riders

__Teddy Roosevelt__ lead this group up __San Juan Hill__ in the most famous event of the war

Teller Amendment

• US has NO INTEREST in taking over Cuba

• Necessary to appease other countries

Platt Amendment

• US and Cuba

• US may intervene in Cuban affairs

• US may maintain naval bases in Cuba (Guantanamo)

Panama Canal

* Will __reduce the travel time from Atlantic to the Pacific__
* Helps __trade__ and the __navy__

Roosevelt Corollary

• The US will police the Americans/intervene in Latin America to protect US interests

• Keep European powers away

US isolation changes drastically in the late 1800s because

• New Industry and Markets (buy and sell with new countries)

• Yellow Journalism

• Religion (Christianize the poor heathens, little brown brothers), (White Man’s Burden)

• Darwinism (survival of the fitest)

Josiah Strong

__Our Country: Its Possible Future and Present Crisis__

Sanford Dole

__Pineapple King__

Remember…

The US does __**NOT**__ __receive Hawaii in the Spanish-American__

Reasons for US involvement in S-A War

• Yellow Journalism

• Economic Concerns

• De Lome Letter (Spanish diplomat disses McKinley)

• USS Maine explodes in Havana Harbor

Imperialists

Argue US __control of the Philippines will enhance US trade__ in the Pacific/Asia region

* Causes a __huge debate in the US__

Anti-Imperial League

• Universal presidents

• Mark Twain

• Samuel Gompers

• Andrew Carnegie

  • Consent of the governed?

  • Why such interest in Asia?

Foraker Act

Puerto Rico

• Sets up gov.

• Future citizenship?

Results of S-A War

• Respect from European powers

• National Pride

• US becomes a power in the Pacific region (markets/resources)

• Navy and Army much improved

• (critical need for a quicker route to the Pacific)

Election of 1900

• GOP- McKinley, T. Roosevelt (VP)

• DEM- Bryan

  • Imperialism was the biggest issue

Russo-Japanese War 1903

• TR does not want Japan to dominate Asia (Manchuria)

• Portsmouth Treaty

• Nobel Peace Prize

Top Green Corner

Oregon Country British Claims Extinguished

* 1846

Left Yellow

__Mexico Cession__

* 1848

Bottom Green Corner

__Gadsden Purchase__ from Mexico

* 1853

Purple Center

__Louisiana Purchase__ from France

* 1803

Bottom Light Pink Center

__Texas Annexed__

* 1845

Right Pink

__United States__

* 1783

Right Yellow Corner

__Florida Purchase__ from Spain

* 1821

William Lloyd Garrison

Showed __how bad slavery is__

Abraham Lincoln

__Doesn’t want slavery to extend__ into western territories

Stephen Douglas

__Popular Sovereignty__

John C. Calhoun

__Nullification__

William Bryan

__Cross of Gold Speech__

Andrew Jackson

__Fought the Seminoles__ in Florida

Teddy Roosevelt

* Big Stick Diplomacy
* __“Speak softly and carry a big stick”__

Hawaii and Philippines

• Hawaii

  • First example of imperialism

• Philippines

  • Most controversial

What was the Grange and what did it do

• Organization that formed farmer cooperatives to enable members to enjoy economies of scale by buying and marketing products

• Organized politically and sponsored state legislation to regulate railroads and grain elevators

Insular Cases

Several court cases which __concerned the status of territories acquired by the U.S. during the Spanish–American War__

* The __constitution does not follow the flag__