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Phrase
Melodies are single thoughts that move toward a goal, the cadence.
Antecedent
The most common phrase that ends in a half cadence
Consequent
The most common second phrase that ends in a perfect authentic cadence
Parallel Period
Two phrases begin identically or the second is the variation of the first
Contrasting Period
Two phrases that are different from each other
Repeated Parallel Period
two phrases that form an exactly repeated period
Repetition
The most critical aspect of musical structure to balance the music. Familiar and then to the unfamiliar
motive or motif
a short group of notes is repeated throughout the melody to establish identity and theme. can be associated with a person, place or idea
motif fragmentation
a portion of the melody is used, either repeated or varied
melody sequence
a form of repeating the melody starting on a different pitch
melody inversion
the imitation of the melody performed upside-down from the original melody
Mirror inversion
Melody intervals are exactly up a specific interval or inverted down an exact interval
Retrograde melody
the melody is backwards and inverted
Ornamentation
technique of adding or decorating the melody with non-chord tones
Octave Displacement
moving one or more notes of the melody to a different octave
Mode Mixture
Combining chords from parallel major or minor mode to provide more harmonic choices to increase the variation choices
Rhythmic Transformation
change the order of the motive or theme's rhythm
Rhythmic Augmentation
Rhythmic variation where pitches remain the same but rhythms are equally lengthened, notes are made longer
Rhythmic Diminution
Rhythmic variation where the pitches remain the same but the rhythms are equally shortened
Rhythmic Displacement
The rhythmic structure is mostly the same but starts on a different beat
Non-Chord Tones Types
Appoggiatura, escape tones, passing tones, suspension and neighbor tones
Non-Chord Tones
These embellished or ornamented notes are not part of the harmonic structure, meaning the chord, and create temporary dissonance against the other members of the chord
