Meiosis & Inheritance Patterns

What is a Karyotype?

a visual representation of an individuals entire genome organised into homologous pairs

What does Meiosis do?

produces haploid gametes, sperm and an egg, from diploid cells for sexual reproduction

What is crossing over?

when a pair of chromosomes swap pieces of DNA during meiosis, which creates new combinations of genes on each chromosome

What is Independent Assortment?

when chromosome line up and seperate randomly during meiosis, which makes each gamete have a random mix of chromosomes from each parent

What is a Dominant Allele?

it will always be expressed even of the individual only has one copy

What is a Recessive Allele?

will only be expressed if the individual has two copies of that allele

What is codominance? (+example)

occurs when both alleles from the genotype are fully expressed in the phenotype eg. both colours are present

What is Incomplete Dominance? (+example)

when neither phenotype is fully expressed in the phenotype eg. a blend of both colours