Business leadership unit 4

Define leading

the process of inspiring others to work hard to accomplish important tasks

Whats the role of a leader

• build peoples commitment and enthusiasm

• apply their talents

• accomplish the tasks

Define sympathy

To acknowledge that someone is distressed

Define empathy

To actually understand how someone else is feeling

Whats managers vs leaders

All managers should be effective leaders but not all leaders are managers

Whats the main role of a manager

obtain the highest level of performance for the least amount of inputs

What are some other responsibilities of a manager

• provide support and are responsible for others work

• A manager is designated position position within an organization

Whats the main responsibility of a leader

guide, motivated influence, inspire and empower others

What are other responsibilities of a leader

• Motivates others to achieve a common goal or purpose

• it can be demonstrated by anyone who takes intimates and helps others work toward success

What are 5 things leaders don’t do

1. Ignore criticism

2. Don’t let their emotions rake control of them

3. Don’t avoid responsibility for their choices

4. Don’t break their commitments

5. Never say never

Whats a visionary leader

• bring to the situation a clear and compelling sense of the future

• Provide an understanding of the actions needed to get their successfully

• Inspire others to take the actions necessary to turn a vision into a reality

What are the principles of visionary leaders

1. Challenge the process

2. Show enthusiasm

3. Help others to act

4. Set the example

5. Celebrate achievements

Whose an example of a visionary leader

Martin Luther King

What were Martin Luther Kings accomplishment

• He helped with changing the laws when it came to segregation of people based on colour in buses

• Led the great March in demand for equal rights

• First person to ever receive the noble peace prize award

What makes Martin Luther a visionary leader

• he set an example for many other African Americans in the US to fight for their rights

• He challenged the law and the American justice system, in demand for the a better country for everyone who lived in it

• Help lead other African Americans to also stand up towards the years of oppression faced and fight for their rights

Whats a democratic leader

• When employees contribute to the decision making process,

• Provide input information

• Provide creativity

What are the advantages to a democratic leader

• Lots of ideas are shared

• Encourage staff to Want to increase team spirt

• Want increase productivity

What are drawbacks to democratic leaders

• Time consuming

• Results may be inaccurate

• Arguments

• Question if the manager is capable

• Employees are not self directed

Whats an autocratic leader

• Take control of the situation

• Does not allow for employees to participate in decisions

When to use an autocratic leader

• When decisions must be made quickly

• Additional input would not change the situation

• Unpleasant decisions must be made

What are disadvantages of autocratic leaders

• Discontentment

• Employees feel undervalued

• Employees rebel

Whats laissez-faire leader

leaves employees alone to do their job

When to use laissez faire leader

• when employees are mature and have experience

• lots of time available

What are some laissez faire drawbacks

• Employees become directionless, uncertain, and unmotivated

• Employees d not work well as a team

• Poor leadership style for new inexperienced employees

Whats a transactional leader

leader who use tasks, rewards and structures to influence and direct the effort of others

What are characteristics of transactional leaders

• very left brained

• Tend to be inflexible

• Opposed to change

• Focused on short term goals

• Favor structure policies and procedures

• Thrive on following rules

Whats a transformational leaders

• leaders who inspire followers to extraordinary performance

• Inspirational leaders influences the beliefs, values and goals of followers

• They create transformations that shift people and organizations to new and better performance

Whats characteristics of a transformational leader

• Visionary

• Charisma

• Empowerment

• Intellectual stimulation

• Integrity

Whats intellectual stimulation

encouraging others to question assumptions, explore new ideas and seek innovative solutions

Examples of transactional leader

• Nelson Manderla

• Walt Disney

• Steve Jobs

Whats traits approach

the problem with this theory is that all great leaders have these characteristics but possessing these characteristics does not grantee great leadership

Whats traits associated with great leadership

• Drive

• Self confidence

• Creativity

• Business knowledge

• Motivation

Whats a serving

helping another person by performing services or duties for them whilst not expecting anything in return

Whats servant leadership

• they serve followers

• they put the needs of followers first above the needs of their own

Whats a result of servant leadership

followers experience an increased sense of growth, empowerment and wellbeing

Whats traditional leaders

• seeks leadership as a rank to obtain

• users power & control to drive performance

• measures success through output

• Speaks

What are qualities of servant leaders

1. Value diverse opinions

2. Encourage

3. Sell instead of tell

4. Think “you” Not “Me”

5. Think long term

Whats Blake and Moutons Mangerial Grid of two dimensions

1. Concern for results/production

   • Concern for individual efficiency and productivity

2. Concern for the people

   • Concern for their individual needs, interests, well-being and personal development

Whats Impoverished management

• Focuses on the min effort to get the work done

• Little concern for either production or people is shown

• Little is accomplished since there is no direction and employees can do as they please

• Disorganization and dissatisfaction

Whats produce and perish Management

• Focuses on efficiency of tasks and operations

• The accomplishment of the job is the main concern regardless of the consequences for employees

• Good results at first, but low morale will impact performance and retention

Whats Middle-of-the road

• People and production are equally important

• Attempt to balance both results in compromise

• Often produces mediocre results

Whats country club management

• Focuses on employees needs and building relationships

• Leader is interested in being liked by followers

• Fund and relaxed workplace

• Accomplishing the job is of secondary concern

Whats team management

• most effective but most difficult to create

• Leader focuses on building participation and support to achieve organizational goals

• Managers encourage employee feedback and share information

• Managers understand the company’s strategy clearly and can communicate it

Whats Hersey-Blanchard situational leadership model

Leaders should adjust their styles based on the maturity of their followers

Whats directing based on the situational leadership model

Leaders tell their people exactly what to do and how to do it

Whats Coaching based on the situational leadership model

Explaining task directions in a supportive and persuasive way , more back and forth communication with followers

Whats Supporting based on the situational leadership model

Emphasizing shared ideas and participate decision making responsibilities

Whats delegating based on the situational leadership model

responsibilities passed onto followers leaders monitor progress but are less involved in decision making

How to choose the right leadership style

1. get to know yourself

2. Outline your values and challenges

3. Watch leaders you respect

4. try different leadership style

5. Find a business coach or mentor

6. Ask colleagues and leaders for feedback

7. Complete a leadership style assessment

Define stress

A state of tension experienced by individuals facing extraordinary demands, constraints or opportunities

What are sources of stress

• Work factors

• Personal factors

• Non-work factors

What are the impact of stress in the workplace

• Illness

• Retention

• Job satisfactions

• Productivity

• Creativity

• Return on investment

Whats impact pf stress on the job

1. Constructive stress

2. Destructive stress

3. Job burnout

4. Workplace rage

5. Personal wellness

Whats another word for constructive stress

eustress

Whats benefits of constructive stress

• positive impact

• feel energized

• Stimulations creativity

• Encourages increased effort

• Enhances performance

Whats another word for destructive stress

distress

Whats the costs for destructive stress

• overload

• absenteeism

• Job dissatisfaction

• Addictions

• Decreased performance

• Increased disease

• Depression

whats physical symptoms of destructive stress

• change in eating habits

• sleeping problems

• depression

• anxious

• upset stomach

Whats job burnout

a physical and mental exhaustion from work stress

Whats workplace rage

aggressive behavoir toward co-workers in a work setting

Whats personal wellness

Is the pursuit of ones full potential through a personal health promotion program

Whats form of preventive stress management that includes elements such as

• Reducing or avoiding affective substances

• healthy and balanced diet

• Regular exercise and physical fitness

• Getting enough sleep every night

Whats some stress management strategies

1. 8 hrs of sleep

2. welnes programs

3. laughter

4. talk about tit

5. excursive

Define power

• the ability to get someone else to do something you want done

• make things happen the way you want them to

What are the 6 sources of power

1. Legitimate Power

2. Reward Power

3. Coercive Power

4. Referent Power

5. Expert Power

6. Relational Power

What are the two categories that power fall under

1. Positional Power

2. Personal Power

What powers fall under positional power

Legitimate Power, Reward power, Coercive Power

Whats positional power

Based on things managers can offer to others

Whats Legitimate Power

power you derive from your formal position or office held in the organization's hierarchy of authority

“You have to do what I ask because I am the boss”

ex. CEO,VP, Department heads, anyone whose anyone else’s boss

Whats reward power

the power of a manager to give some type of reward to an employee.

“if you do what I ask, I’ll Gove you an reward

Ex. Coaches, Parents, Managers

Whats coercive power

forcing employees to follow orders by threatening them with punishment if the employee doesn’t comply

“If you don’t do what I want I’ll punish you”

Ex. Mr Faus, Hitler, Pablo escobar

whats the pros and cons of coercive power

Pros:

• Leaders posses a great deal of authority and control

• Leader provides directions and demand obedience

Cons:

• has a harsh and inflexible impact

• Provides little award to employees

Whats personal power

Based on how managers are viewed by others

what types of powers are under personal power

Expert Power, Referent Power, Relational Power

Whats an expert power

based on your knowledge, expoernece, and special skills and talent that one has

“You should do what I want because of my special expertise and/or information”

Ex. lead by example, teaching lessons, parenting

Whats Referent Power

A person with referent power is idolized by their followers , other haves desire to be likes them and be around them

“You should do what I want in order to maintain a positive self defined relationship with me”

Ex. Practice what you preach, passionate about their job, MLK, Oprah

Whats Relational Power

team work towards a collective goal, and the power to influence people in a positive manor to work towards that goal

“You should do what I want because it’s in the best interest of the team”

Ex. Sports team, and volunteer groups

How to build managerial power

• There is no substitute for expertise

• Develop likeable personal qualities

• Effort and hard work breed respect

• Behaviour must match the expressed values

Leadership tasks

My leader my dad

hes the breadwinner of the family and he goes out everyday and puts his families needs before his own

He uses reward power

He uses referent power

Define conflict

a disagreement between two or more people

reasons for conflict

• lack of trust

• miscommunication

• personal differences

what are the types of conflicts

1. substantive conflict

2. emotional conflict

whats substantive conflict

disagree on goals, resources, policies, job assignments

Whats emotional conflict

results from feelings of anger, distrust, dislike, fear

Whats constructive conflict

• increased creativity and innovation

• greater effort

• increased cohesion and collaboration

• reduced tension and stress

Whats destructive conflict

• bad for people and the organization

• ex. (ppl not being able to work together

what are 5 major sources of conflict in a organization

1. intrapersonal

2. interpersonal

3. intragroup

4. intergroup

5. intraorganizational

whats intrapersonal conflict

• conflict within an individual

types:

• approach-approach conflict

• avoidance-avoidence conflict

• approach-avoidance conflict

• multiple approach-avoidance

Whats approach-apprach conflict

when an individual must choose between two equally attractive alternatives

ex. which vacation spot

whats avoidance - avoidance conflict

an individual must choose two equally unattractive and undesirable

ex. clean your room or take out the trash

whats approach -avoidance conflict

an individual is simultaneously pushed towards and away from a goal

• desire pushes towards the goal

• undesirable push away from the goal

ex. u want to go to the uni of your choic, but don’t want to put in all the effort to get there

whats multiple approach-avoidance conflict

• when someone experience multiple combinations of approach-avoidance conflict

ex. want to buy a house but don’t want to deal with the extra multiple things that come with it

whats interpersonal conflict

• conflict between two or more people

whats conflict of interest

a situation in which someone or an organization can become unreliable because of a clash between personal interest and professional duties or responsibility

ex of conflict of interest

• Advising a client to invest in a company owned by a family member

• Ethical dilemma that has an opportunity for personal gain

whats intragroup conflict

• conflict among members of a formal/informal groups

• this conflict will affect the groups processes and output

ex. marketing department, cross functional team

Whats intergroup conflict

• conflict between two or more formal//informal group

• competition has the potential to stimulate groups to perform better

Whats intraorganizational

• subset of intergroup

• conflict that arises from the way an organization is structured

Whats conflict resolution approaches

cooperation and assetivness

whats cooperation conflict resolution approaches

the process of working together to achieve the same goal