Articulation and Phonological Disorders

Functional disorders are…

no identifiable anatomical, physiological, or neurological cause

organic disorders are…

an identifiable anatomic, physiologic, or neurologic cause

what’s the difference between functional and organic disorders?

functional disorders have no identifiable cause, organic disorders have an identifiable anatomic cause

why might children exhibit articulation or phonological disorders?

environmental problems, hearing impairments, physical impairments or neurologic disorders

how can pre, peri, and post natal environment exhibit articulation or phonological disorders

problems in prenatal environment can cause anatomic or physiologic problems or developmental delay

in perinatal environment, insufficient oxygen causes neurologic damage

in postnatal environment, limited environmental stimulation results in fewer synaptic connections in brain

how can hearing impairments exhibit articulation or phonological disorders?

they can cause delays and disorders of speech and language (speech sound development)

how can neurologic disorders or physical impairments exhibit articulation or phonological disorders?

neurologic disorder can have prenatal or perinatal cause

traumatic brain injuries to children can cause communication and cognitive impairments

what are the four types of articulation errors?

substitutions, omissions, distortions, additions

what is an articulation disorder?

incorrect or imprecise production of speech sounds due to faulty placement, timing, direction, pressure, speed, or integration of movements

what’s a phonological disorders?

errors of several phonemes that form patterns or clusters

result of child simplifying speech sounds and sound combinations

what’s the difference between articulation and phonological disorders?