B 11.4 variation and selection
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11 Terms
Variation
Difference between individuals of the same species
cause of phenotypic variations
genetic + environmental factors
Continuous variations
range of phenotypes
eg. height in humans
Discontinues variations cause
caused by genes alone
eg. blood type in humans
mutation
change in a gene or a chromosome
cause of increase in mutations
ionizing radiation
chemicals
Success of natural selection
variation within population
production of offspring - reproduction - passing down alleles
competition for resources - survival
evolution
change in features of a population over time
adaptation
result of natural selection
selective breeding
human selection of individuals with desirable features → crossing these individuals → selection of offspring that have the features
artificial selection
human intervention
results in features beneficial to humans
takes less time than natural
Note 
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