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Wright - Deterrence in Criminal Justice
Wright - Deterrence in Criminal Justice
state and fed incarceration rates increase
recently sentencing policy goals: enhancing deterrent effect of crim justice system
research shows the certainty of punishment is more likely to produce deterrent benefits
conceptualizing deterrence
increases certainty of punishment, offenders may be deterred by risk of apprehension
severity of punishment may influence behavior
problems:
assumes that ppl consider the consequences before they act
½ state prisoners under influence of drugs / alcohol
most crimes don’t result in an arrest and conviction
in order for sanctions to deter, potential offenders need to be aware of sanction risks / consequences
certainty vs severity of punishment
certainty of punishment more effective deterrent
more severe sentences fail to enhance public safety
increases risk that lower-risk offenders will be negatively affected by incarceration
being incarcerated increases risk of recidivism. also being there longer increases
reduced sentences may reduce recidivism rates
economic costs of more severe sentences
reducing number of incarcerated non-violent offenders by half could save taxpayers $16.9 billion annually w/o putting public safety at risk
ex: non-violent drug offenders would benefit more from drug treatment in community based programs
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Chapter 28: Chemical Messengers: Hormones, Neurotransmitters, and Drugs
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Unit 3 Chapters 1-3
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Studied by 51 people
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