Stairs reading:

How can this text provide us with information about how local African people strategically responded to Stairs’ caravan? Be able to provide 1-2 specific examples.

1. The text shows that local Africans used organized, strategic tactics to monitor and resist Stairs’ caravan.

   • Night drumming and shouting likely served as a warning system to alert nearby communities of the caravan’s presence

   • Villagers spied on and surveilled the caravan, gathering information about its movements

What does this text tell us about caravan labor – labor conditions, labor rights and obligations, relations between bosses and workers, for example. Be able to provide 1-2 specific examples.

d

d