Philippine History: Key Concepts & Katipunan (Vocabulary Flashcards)

This set of vocabulary flashcards covers key concepts in the lecture notes including definitions of history, historiography, primary/secondary sources, critiques, and essential details about the Katipunan, its structure, publications, and the discovery event.

History

Etymology from Greek historia (knowledge acquired through inquiry) and modern usage referring to past events and the study of the human past.

General History

Branch focusing on political, economic, diplomatic, and military history.

Economic History

Branch dealing with economic thoughts and the economic system of a society.

Cultural History

Branch covering local and ethnic history and cultural practices.

Social History

Branch studying social structures, relationships, and everyday life in the past.

Myth History

Branch examining myths and their role in historical understanding.

Historiography

The art and theory of writing history; study of how history is written, including methods and biases.

Positivism (in historiography)

View that historical knowledge should be based on verifiable data from documents, validated through criticism.

New Historicism

Approach that interprets facts from multiple perspectives, including those outside traditional historical focus.

Primary Sources

Original, firsthand evidence about an event, person, or work of art (documents, eyewitness accounts, artifacts, etc.).

Secondary Sources

Accounts that interpret or analyze primary sources (scholarly books, articles, textbooks, etc.).

Internal Criticism

Evaluation of the content of documents for relevance to the time and place of the phenomenon.

External Criticism

Assessment of the document’s form and authenticity, including author and date of writing.

Propaganda Movement

Movement by Filipino ilustrados in Spain advocating reforms in the Philippines.

La Solidaridad

A newspaper created by the Propaganda movement to promote their goals.

La Liga Filipina

Organization founded by Jose Rizal (July 3, 1892) aiming to unite Filipinos, protect them, reform education, agriculture, and industry, and promote reforms.

Kalayaan

Publication associated with the Katipunan that helped spread its ideas.

Katipunan (KKK)

Secret national and religious-political society founded in 1892 to gain Philippine independence through armed revolution.

Triangular System (Triangle Method)

Recruitment approach where members recruit two new adherents, forming a network of triangles to enable covert growth.

Katipunan: Katipon

First-degree member; basic rank with specific symbols, duress, and dues; eligible for promotion.

Katipunan: Kawal

Second-degree member (soldier); higher symbols and dues; eligible for promotion to Bayani.

Katipunan: Bayani

Patriot rank with distinctive dress and password; one of the top ranks in the organization.

Supreme Council (Kataas-taasang Sanggunian)

Top leadership of the Katipunan, led by a supreme president and a treasury of officers.

Sangguniang Bayan / Sangguniang Balangay

Lower ruling bodies within the Katipunan’s organizational structure.

Andres Bonifacio ( Katipunan leadership)

Key leader and titular president of the Katipunan, central figure in its revolutionary leadership.

La Illustracion Americana

American-press publication that recognized the national status of the Katipunan.

Discovery of the Katipunan

Exposure of the Katipunan in August 1896 due to Teodoro Patiño’s disclosure to his sister Honoria, leading to Fr. Mariano Gil and Guardia Civil involvement.

Teodoro Patiño

A Katipunan member who revealed the society’s existence to his sister, triggering its discovery.

Honoria

Sister of Teodoro Patiño who disclosed the Katipunan secret, prompting attention from authorities.

Sor Teresa de Jesús

Nun who advised on how to proceed after the Katipunan disclosure; helped trigger discovery.

Fr. Mariano Gil

Parish priest of Tondo who reported the Katipunan to the Guardia Civil after learning of it.