Fitness and Health Possible Questions

1) An athlete's pre-game meal should consist mainly of

A) carbohydrates.

B) fat.

C) protein.

D) vitamins.

A) carbohydrates.

2) The new Dietary Guidelines recommend which of the following?

A) Adults should drink 3 L of liquid per day.

B) Sugary drinks need not be limited.

C) Adults should compare the sodium content for processed foods and choose foods with lower amounts of sodium.

D) Fats and oils do not need to be limited.

C) Adults should compare the sodium content for processed foods and choose foods with lower amounts of sodium.

4) According to the new daily food guide, it is recommended that half of your plate should come from which group(s) of foods?

A) dairy

B) fruits and vegetables

C) pork

D) unsaturated fats

B) fruits and vegetables

5) It is recommended that our diets contain no more than

A) 5-20% calories from fats.

B) 20-35% calories from fats.

C) 40-55% calories from fats.

D) 55-65% calories from fats.

B) 20-35% calories from fats.

7) The DRI values for vitamins and nutrients are set by

A) the Food and Drug Administration.

B) the Department of Agriculture.

C) the Food and Nutrition Board of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences.

D) each of the state governments.

C) the Food and Nutrition Board of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences.

8) If a person stops exercising, how long will it take for the muscle to start to shrink?

A) two days

B) one week

C) one month

D) two months

B) one week

10) The general recommendation for vitamin consumption by most members of the scientific community is

A) to take high doses of vitamin supplements daily.

B) to eat a well-balanced diet.

C) to take high doses of water soluble vitamins.

D) make sure your vitamin supplements are enriched with iron and zinc.

B) to eat a well-balanced diet.

11) A vegetarian who is not on vitamin supplements is likely to show a deficiency in which vitamin?

A) B12

B) A

C) B6

D) E

A) B12

13) Which vitamin is sometimes called the "antisterility" vitamin?

A) vitamin A

B) vitamin B complex

C) vitamin D

D) vitamin E

D) vitamin E

14) Which vitamin is sometimes called the "antiaging" vitamin?

A) vitamin A

B) vitamin B complex

C) vitamin D

D) vitamin E

D) vitamin E

16) Which of the following vitamins is NOT found in plants?

A) B2

B) K

C) B12 

D) biotin

C) B12 

17) Vitamin D is a steroid-type vitamin that offers protection against

A) beriberi.

B) scurvy.

C) pellagra.

D) rickets.

D) rickets.

19) β-carotene is a precursor of

A) vitamin A.

B) vitamin K.

C) vitamin C.

D) vitamin D.

A) vitamin A.

20) Increased levels of ________ have been shown to increase production of interferons by the body.

A) vitamin K

B) vitamin C

C) vitamin A

D) vitamin D

B) vitamin C

22) The best thing to drink to replenish lost body fluids after exercise is

A) coffee.

B) water.

C) beer.

D) Gatorade.

B) water.

23) The major component of body sweat is

A) sodium chloride.

B) potassium chloride.

C) calcium chloride.

D) water.

D) water.

25) Which of the following promotes water loss from the body?

A) alcohol

B) caffeine

C) Both alcohol and caffeine promote water loss.

D) Neither alcohol nor caffeine promotes water loss.

C) Both alcohol and caffeine promote water loss.

26) If five percent of the body weight is lost as weight, then the physiological effect is

A) hydrated.

B) alert.

C) urination.

D) heat exhaustion.

D) heat exhaustion.

28) Which of the following statements about vitamin A is NOT correct?

A) Vitamin A is needed for good vision.

B) Vitamin A can be toxic in large doses.

C) Vitamin A is water soluble.

D) Vitamin A is needed for bone development.

C) Vitamin A is water soluble.

29) A vitamin E deficiency can lead to

A) liver toxicity.

B) muscular dystrophy.

C) pernicious anemia.

D) rickets.

B) muscular dystrophy.

31) The number of dieters who lose weight and then gain it back is approximately

A) 5%.

B) 25%.

C) 50%.

D) 90%.

D) 90%.

32) A pound of fat has an energy content of 3500 kcal.  Walking a mile uses about 100 kcal.  How many miles must you walk to lose a pound of fat?

A) 3500

B) 350

C) 35

D) 3.5

C) 35

34) If you ordinarily expend 1700 kcal/day and you diet at 1500 kcal/day, how long will it take to lose 1.0 pound of fat? (1.0 lb of adipose fat is 3500 kcal.)

A) 35 days

B) 15 days

C) 17.5 days

D) 2.33 days

C) 17.5 days

35) Which of the following is an appetite stimulant?

A) cholecystokinin

B) ghrelin

C) leptin

D) peptide YY (PYY)

B) ghrelin

37) One pound of fatty tissue stores approximately how many kcal of energy?

A) 500

B) 1500

C) 3500

D) 6500

C) 3500

38) One pound of adipose tissue requires ________ miles of blood capillaries.

A) 15

B) 70

C) 200

D) 1500

D) 1500

40) What is the body mass index (BMI) of a person who is 6 ft tall and weighs 205 pounds?

A) 28

B) 2.9

C) 4000

D) 350

A) 28

41) The body mass index (BMI) is determined by which of the following physical quantities?

A) mass

B) weight and height

C) density and height

D) height

B) weight and height

43) How much essential body fat does the male body require?

A) 3%

B) 11%

C) 15%

D) 23%

A) 3%

44) The recommended body mass index (BMI) for an adult is

A) less than 18.5

B) between 18.5 and 24.9

C) between 25 and 29.9

D) above 30

B) between 18.5 and 24.9

46) How much essential body fat does the female body require?

A) 4-6%

B) 10-12%

C) 20-22%

D) 22-24%

B) 10-12%

47) Which of the following would NOT be an advantage for walking or biking?

A) It is less expensive than driving.

B) The fuels that provide energy for walking or biking are nonrenewable.

C) An individual person would have a carbon-neutral effect on the environment.

D) Walking or biking helps a person lose weight.

B) The fuels that provide energy for walking or biking are nonrenewable.

49) The immediate source of energy for muscle action is

A) glycogen.

B) starch.

C) ATP.

D) fatty acids

C) ATP.

50) Once ATP is depleted, the next available energy source for muscle is from

A) glucose.

B) glycogen.

C) fats.

D) protein.

B) glycogen.

52) If sufficient oxygen is available to muscles during energy conversion, the by-products of energy production are water and

A) pyruvic acid.

B) lactic acid.

C) carbon dioxide.

D) ATP.

C) carbon dioxide.

53) In order for an athlete to build muscle mass, he might switch to a ________ diet.

A) high protein

B) low fat

C) high liquid

D) low diary

A) high protein

55) During the last stages of a marathon (26 miles) the body's principal source of energy is

A) ATP.

B) glycogen.

C) fat.

D) protein.

C) fat.

56) The protein directly responsible for muscle contraction is

A) collagen.

B) actomyosin.

C) keratin.

D) hemoglobin.

B) actomyosin.

58) Which activity is aided by a large proportion of fast-twitch muscles?

A) lifting a 100 kg weight

B) swimming 1.5 km

C) a 6-day bicycle race

D) running 50 km

A) lifting a 100 kg weight

59) The albatross (a sea bird) can fly for days on end. Its breast muscle would have a high proportion of

A) fat.

B) glycogen.

C) lactic acid.

D) slow-twitch muscle.

D) slow-twitch muscle.

61) Muscles are built through

A) eating a protein rich diet.

B) taking an amino acid supplement.

C) taking megavitamin and mineral supplements.

D) exercise.

D) exercise.

62) For a person at rest, muscle activity accounts for what percent of the body's energy requirements?

A) 5-10 %

B) 15-30 %

C) 45-60 %

D) 75-90 %

B) 15-30 %

64) Anabolic steroids

A) enhance the buildup of muscle tissue.

B) reduce inflammation.

C) increase testicular mass.

D) increase sexual potency.

A) enhance the buildup of muscle tissue.

65) Athletic performance can best be improved by

A) anabolic steroids.

B) electrolyte replacement fluids.

C) blood doping.

D) practice.

D) practice.

67) Which of the following statements about the effects of anabolic steroids is NOT correct?

A) They can cause liver damage.

B) They can cause edema.

C) They can cause cancer.

D) They are sexual enhancers.

D) They are sexual enhancers.

68) You bike 50 km.  Though tired, you feel great because your brain has synthesized some

A) amphetamine.

B) endorphins.

C) glucose.

D) morphine.

B) endorphins.

70) Regular exercise will affect the brain by

A) producing neurotrophins.

B) enhancing the growth of brain cells.

C) increasing the connections between brain cells.

D) all of the above

D) all of the above

71) A smoker's breathing is less efficient because of ________ in the smoke.

A) NaI

B) Cu

C) SO2 

D) CO

D) CO

73) Most sport materials are made from

A) cotton.

B) wool.

C) other natural polymers.

D) synthetic polymers.

D) synthetic polymers.

74) Which of the following is NOT a property of synthetic fabrics used for athletic clothing?

A) They wick perspiration away from the skin.

B) They have small holes that allow water vapor but not water droplets to pass through.

C) They can stretch when the athlete moves.

D) They dry slowly.

D) They dry slowly.